Transglutaminase protein crosslinking

Yao Y, Lamkin MS, Oppenheim FG Pellicle precursor protein crosslinking characterization of an adduct between acidic proline-rich protein (PRP-1) and statherin generated by transglutaminase. J Dent Res 2000 79 930-938. 

Figure 7 shows the SDS-PAGE profile of protein conjugates produced by transglutaminase-catalyzed crosslinking. Lanes 1 and 2 indicate that caseins (both a-casein and P-casein) are good substrates for transglutaminase. Almost... 

Selkoe, D. J., Abraham, C., and Ihara, Y. (1982). Brain transglutaminase In vitro crosslinking of human neurofilament proteins into insoluble polymers. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 79, 6070-6074. 

In vitro, the enzyme is able to catalyze crosslinking of whey proteins, soy proteins, wheat proteins, beef myosin, casein, and crude actomyosin (which is refined from mechanically deboned meat), improving functional properties such as the texture of food products [49-53], Bonds formed by transglutaminase exhibit a high resistance to proteolytic degradation [54],... 

Fibrin polymerization is initiated by the enzymatic cleavage of the fibrinopeptides, converting fibrinogen to fibrin monomer (Fig. 1). Then, several nonenzymatic reactions yield an orderly sequence of macromolec-ular assembly steps. Several other plasma proteins bind specifically to the resulting fibrin network. The clot is stabilized by covalent ligation or crosslinking of specific amino acids by a transglutaminase, Factor XHIa. 

Feeney and Whitaker (30, 31) have emphasized the importance of the enzymes transglutaminase, lipoxygenase, polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase in the crosslinking of proteins. With transglutaminase, chimeric proteins can be made readily by crosslinking two proteins, each with quite different properties (32, 33). 

About 25 different human genes encode the keratins of skin and other soft tissues. Others specify the keratins of hair and nails.Both of these hard tissues as well as claws, hoofs, beaks, horns, scales, quills, and feathers are largely keratin. However, there are additional constituents. During the final stages of keratinocyte differentiation a 15-nm-thick crosslinked sheath of protein, the cornified cell envelope (CE), forms beneath the plasma membrane. Crosslinkages between keratin and other proteins are formed by the action of transglutaminases. " ... 

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