Transfer ribonucleic acid , signal

Nucleotides are stmctural units of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ribonucleic acid (RNA) and cofactors such as coenzyme A (CoA), flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP), with important roles in energy transfer, metabolism and intracellular signalling. 

Phosphorus-NMR spectroscopy alone among other spectroscopic probes can provide detailed conformational information on the phosphate ester bon in the transfer ribonucleic adds. In this Chapter, an attempt first is made to assign some of these tRNA P-NMR signals. These assigned signals are then used to probe the solution conformation and dynamics of the tRNA ribose phosphate backbone. Finally, conformational changes resulting from the interaction of the tRNA with metal ions, polyvalent cations, and a complementary nucleic acid are analyzed. 

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