Transdermal scopolamine absorption

Transdermal drug delivery can be used in pediatric patients (1) to avoid problems of drug absorption from the oral route and complications from the intravenous route and (2) to maximize duration of effect and minimize adverse effects of drugs. Unfortunately, the commercially available transdermal dosage forms (e.g., clonidine and scopolamine) are not intended for pediatric patients these would deliver doses much higher than those needed for infants and children. 

Unlike the much-shorter-acting scopolamine, BZ s effectiveness by the oral route of administration is about 80% that of the intravenous or intramuscular routes (which are virtually identical). By inhalation, if disseminated at an optimal particle size (diameter about 1.0 pm), BZ is approximately 40% to 50% as effective as it is by injection. When applied to the skin dissolved in propylene glycol (a common vehicle for transdermal administration), apparent absorption is only 5% to 10% and the effects are delayed approximately 24 hours. (This is surprising since historical treatises suggest that belladonna drugs are readily absorbed from poultices.31)... 

Scopolamine (for motion sickness) There is no need of absorption aid due to high transdermal property ... 

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