Tran simulation

In order to get this circuit to start, the UIC statement must be included in the. TRAN simulation. Flip-flops inside the model need the UIC directive in order to initialize properly. The SPICE engine has a difficult time determining the steady-state operating point of bistable circuit like the flip-flop without the UIC. Also, the ABSTOL OPTIONS parameter for current absolute current error tolerance has been changed from lp to 1/x to aid convergence. 

In order to assist convergence in this circuit, the UIC statement was included in the. TRAN simulation. This statement helps in circuits where a steady-state operating point may not exist, multiple stable operating points exist, or it is difficult for SPICE to determine the correct operating point. 

Shiotsuki, Masao. Doctor at Nagasaki My First Assignment Was Mercy Killing. Trans. Simul International. First English ed. Tokyo Kosei Publishing Co., 1987. 

Cis-eis (snnuilaticMi) trans (simulation) cis-ens (expeiiineiit) trans (expetimenO... 

Murrell J N, Stace A J and Dammel R 1978 Computer simulation of the cage effect in the photodissociation of iodine J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. II 74 1532... 

Leontidis E, Forrest B M, Widmann A FI and Suter U W 1995 Monte Carlo algorithms for the atomistio simulation of oondensed polymer phases J. Chem. Soc. Farad. Trans. 91 2355- 68... 

With all-atom simulations the locations of the hydrogen atoms are known and so the order parameters can be calculated directly. Another structural property of interest is the ratio of trans conformations to gauche conformations for the CH2—CH2 bonds in the hydrocarbon tail. The trans gauche ratio can be estimated using a variety of experimental techniques such as Raman, infrared and NMR spectroscopy. 

FIG. 6-56 Computational fluid dynamic simulation of flow over a square cylinder, showing one vortex shedding period. (From Choudliuty, et al., Trans. ASME Fluids Div, TN-076[1994].)... 

Brunot, W.K., 1970, Reliability of a Complex Safety injection System from Digital Simulation, ANS Trans 12 p 169, June. 

J) Anon, Laboratory Simulation Symposium, 26—27 October 1967 , Rept No NATC-WST-38-00 (1967) K) Anon, Defence Investigation Reports (Swed), Rept No RAE-Library Trans-1312, RAE (Engl) (1968)... 

Ogata, S., Mitsuya, Y, Zhang, H. D., and Fukuzawa, K., "Molecular Dynamics Simulation for Analysis of Surface Morphology of Lubricant Films with Functional End Groups, IEEE Trans. Magn., Vol. 41,2005, pp. 3013-3015. 

Hofer, T.S., Tran, H.T., Schwenk, C.S. and Rode, B.M. (2004) Characterization of dynamics and reactivities of solvated ions by ab initio simulations. Journal of Computational Chemistry, 25, 211—217. 

Li, K., Acharya, R. and Hughes, R. (1991) Simulation of Gas Separation in an Internally Staged Permeator, Trans IChemE, 69, Part A, 35-42. 

Chianese, D. S., Rotz, C. A., and Richard, T. L. (2009b). Simulation of carbon dioxide emissions from dairy farms to assess greenhouse gas reduction strategies. Trans. ASABE 52,1301-1312. 

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