Tracker Electromagnetic

More recently, high spatial precision 3-D sensors have become available via infrared LED markers combined and camera system (e.g., Optotrak—www.ndigital.com/lifesciences/certus-motioncapture-system.php) or electromagnetic trackers (e.g., Polhemus—polhemus.com Flock-of-Birds, trakSTAR— www.ascension-tech.com) and play an important role in 3-D virtual-environment systems (Mrotek et al., 2006 Myall et al, 2008). 

Motion guide (w/ some type of haptic virtual wall ) Error in object shape/position identification Improved accuracy in the identification of the shape/position (by quantitative spatial identifier such as optical/electromagnetic tracker) Taking control from surgeon may introduce critical error and complication... 

In addition, we present a practical concept to accurately track an object s position and orientation in 3D space. Our approach overcomes the disadvantages associated with the most popular tracking systems used in image-guided surgery, e.g., optical and electromagnetic trackers. Our tracker can be used in environments with metallic... 

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