Tracer release experiments

See, for example, Tracer Release Experiments at San Francisco International Airport to Improve Preparedness Against Chemical and Biological Terrorism, Sandia Report SAND2001-8380, Albuquerque, N.Mex. Sandia National Laboratories, June 2001. 

Clark, J.F., Schlosser, P, Stute, M., and Simpson, HJ. (1996) SF -He tracer release experiment a new method of determining longitudinal dispersion coefficients in large rivers. Environ. Sci. Technol. 30, 1527-1532. 

Ledwell, J. R., Watson, A. J., and Law, C. S. (1993). Evidence for slow mixing across the pycnocline from an open-ocean tracer-release experiment. Nature 364, 701-703. 

Figure 3 Some horizontal mixing estimates as a function of space scale. Results are from a small-scale float deployment (triangles, Stommel, 1949), the tracer release experiment (squares, Ledwell et al., 1998), and some larger-scale advection-diffusion balances (circles, see later sections) and estimates from radium isotopes (diamonds,...

St. Laurent L. C. and Schmitt R. W. (1999) The contribution of salt fingers to vertical mixing in the North Atlantic tracer release experiment. J. Geophys. Res. 29, 1404-1424. 

Sundermeyer M. A. and Price J. F. (1998) Lateral mixing and the North Atlantic tracer release experiment observations and numerical simulations of Lagrangian particles and a passive tracer. J. Geophys. Res. 103(C10), 21481-21497. 

Notice that in the compilation of Rn and C-determined gas exchange rates (Fig. 10.6) only one measurement has been made at wind speeds above Uio = 10m s. Since this regime is the most important for gas exchange and parameterizations in Fig. 10.6 differ by the most in this range, tracer release experiments have been devised to further refine the gas transfer-wind speed relations. In these experiments two tracers, one of which must be a gas, are released into the surface waters of the ocean (Watson et al, 1991). After injection of the tracers, the ship follows the center of the patch, while the progressive decreases in tracer concentrations are measured. The decreases are caused by dilution from mixing and the gas flux to the atmosphere. Since there are two tracers and two... 

AIR/SEA GAS EXCHANGE STUDIED BY DUAL TRACER RELEASE EXPERIMENTS... 

Dependency of Diapycnal Mixing and Buoyancy Frequency from Tracer Release Experiments... 

Figure 2 shows diapycnal diffusivities as a function of buoyancy period for the deep ocean tracer release experiments so far published. Except for the recent... 

Figure 2 Vertical mixing coefficients for five tracer release experiments in the open ocean, plotted as a function of 1/A/where N is the buoyancy frequency. For discussion see text.

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