Titanium tetra-alkoxides hydrolysis

Powders from Alkoxides and Salts. Two solutions were prepared individually for the synthesis of lead titanate (PbTiOs) particles by Tartaj et al. (2001) (i) titanium tetra-butoxide in 2-propanol, and (ii) lead acetate in glacial acetic acid. The solutions were mixed under stirring, and a water-2-propanol mixture added to this for the initiation of hydrolysis. As in some other cases, crystalline seeds of the target compound, suspended in 2-propanol, were added (10 wt%) to the transparent sol already obtained. The gels obtained through this process were dried and ground to small particles and calcined at 400°C for 20 h for use in the preparation of sintered bodies. X-ray diffractometry of the calcined sample showed it to be fully crystallized to phase-pure PbTiOs, while an unseeded sample did not crystallize under the same conditions. 

In this study, ZT powders were obtained from hydrolysis reactions of zirconium n-propoxide (NPZ) and titanium isopropoxide (tetra-isopropyl titanate - TPT). These reactions were performed by hydrolyzing the alkoxides separately, at the molar ratio of ZriTi of 1 1, in n-propanol, using the sol-gel process at ambient temperature (20°C) and... 

Numerous titanium alkoxides are used in sol-gel chemistry, in order to prepare inorganic titanium oxides. They are, for instance, Ti tetra-iso-propoxide (TIPT) and Ti tetra-n-butoxide (TBOT). The sol-gel transformation mechanisms of TIPT-derived coatings have been qualitatively studied by FUR spectroscopy (Burgos and Langlet, 1999), allowing a good knowledge of the hydrolysis and condensation reactions of the aUcoxide. 

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