Titanium sulphate

Sulphate process. The ilmenite is reacted with sulphuric acid giving titanium sulphate and ferric oxide. After separation of ferric oxide, addition of alkali allows precipitation of hydrous titanium dioxide. The washed precipitate is calcined in a rotary kiln to render titanium dioxide. The nucleation and calcination conditions determine the crystalline structure of titanium dioxide (e.g. rutile or anatase). 

Titanium sulphate Srconiuin sulphate Rhodium sulphate... 

A method involving electrometric titration depends on the volumetric reduction of selenious acid to selenium by means of titanium sulphate. The method is rapid and accurate5 if the solution is in cold concentrated hydrochloric acid saturated with sodium chloride. The presence of the latter is important, for it ensures rapid and uniform coagulation of the selenium hydrosol and increases the sharpness in the change of voltage at the end-point. The use of the hydrochloric acid in the cold eliminates the otherwise almost inevitable loss of selenium by volatilisation. Under these conditions any tellurium which may be present is unreduced and only has the effect of modifying the nature of the end-point.6... 

We are now going to investigate the behavior of a number of oxides with acids and we are going to use the titanium sulphate reagent to discover whether or not hydrogen peroxide is formed by the action. 

Test barium oxide BaO in the same way. Since this oxide reacts vigorously with water to form the hydroxide, Ba(OH)2, we might as well use the hydroxide as a starting point, but should bear in mind that it is essentially the same thing as the oxide BaO. No yellow color appears when titanium sulphate is added. 

Dioxides. To about 1 gram each of manganese dioxide, Mn02, and lead dioxide, Pb02, in separate test tubes add 10 cc. of water and 5 cc. of 6N H2S04 or HNOa and warm for a few moments. Note that the dark-colored powders do not dissolve or change their appearance in any way, nor is there any effervescence. Filter off the insoluble powder and add titanium sulphate to the filtrate. Note that there is no yellow coloration. 

Sodium polysulphide Q. 45, X Sodium silicate, Sp. Gr. 1.1 IX Sodium sulphide, 1-normal Q. 43, 45 Stannous chloride, 1-normal Q. 33, 45, 69, IX, X Sulphuric acid, 6-normal Sulphuric acid, 36-normal Titanium sulphate reagent IV Zinc sulphate, 1-normal III, VII... 

Titanium sulphate was prepared by digesting titanium hydroxide, obtained by hydrolysis of pure titanium tetrachloride, in sulphuric acid. A sample of anatase was prepared by hydrolyzing titanium sulphate solution with ammonia. The precipitate was washed thoroughly till the washings gave no test for sulphate ion. The precipitate was dried at 100°C. Such precipitates were, however, found to contain some sulphate impurity. 

The kinetics and energetics of the transformation of anatase prepared by the hydrolysis of titanium sulphate are markedly different from those of pure anatase. The transformation of anatase prepared by sulphate-hydrolysis becomes immeasurably slow below 695 + 10°C, compared to 610 + 10°C 2 for pure anatase (fig. 6). While the transformation of pure anatase follows the exponential rate law, that of anatase... 

The infra-red studies provide also some insight into the effect of impurities on the hydroxylation of the Ti02 surface. The importance of these effects is easily appreciated if one takes into account that both the main routes (the oxidation or hydrolysis of titanium tetrachloride and the hydrolysis of titanium sulphate) used for the preparation of 1102 samples are likely to leave anionic impurities at the surface. The residual chloride present on the surface of rutile has been shown by Jackson and Parfitt to affect significantly the... 

Promotion of an alumina with Ti02 produces better performance (Figure 5) because titanium sulphates are not chemically stable in presence of H2S and titanium dioxide is very active in Claus conversion and hydrolysis [15]. 

Titanium sulphate reagent Digest 1 g of anhydrous titanium dioxide with 100 ml of concentrated sulphuric acid for fifteen to sixteen hours on a sand-bath at 150. Cool, dilute with four parts by volume of water and centrifuge to obtain a clear solution. 

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