Titanium alkaline etch

A proprietary alkaline cleaner, Prebond 700, appears to be satisfactory for a number of metal adherends including titanium and is recommended as a versatile one-step surface preparation process.48 A proprietary alkaline etch solution, Turco 5578, is available from... 

Similarly, Allen, Alsalim and Wake 45,46 determined that alkaline hydrogen peroxide was the best pretreatment for titanium alloys. This pretreatment was found to preferentially etch the P phase, while also undercutting some of the a grains and redepositing needle-like crystals on the P grains. The very rough surfaces that resulted were found to enhance adhesion by mechanical aspects. 

Titanium is widely used in aerospace applications that require high strength-to-weight ratios at elevated temperatures. As a result, a number of different prebonding surface preparation processes have been developed for titanium. These generally follow the same sequence as for steel and other major industrial metal substrates degrease, acid-etch or alkaline-clean, rinse and dry, chemical surface treatment, rinse and dry, and finally prime or bond. Mechanical abrasion is generally not recommended for titanium surfaces. 

Eigure 21 SEM micrographs of alkaline peroxide etched titanium alloy [25] (Courtesy ... 

In 1983, researchers found [62] that by anodising titanium under alkaline conditions, not only could the unstable alkaline hydrogen peroxide etch... 

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