Tissue interaction analysis methods

Several new methodologies have been developed in recent years for the surface analysis of lipids. These methods allow direct detection of lipids from surfaces such as tissue sections and intact cells without prior extraction and thus enable the determination of spatial distribution of the lipids. There are three basic requirements for the surface analysis. The analytes of interest must be desorbed from the surface by the interaction of a sampling probe such as spray, laser, or plasma. The desorbed analytes must first be ionized and then... 

In many laboratories that have access to a nuclear reactor, neutron activation is used for the chemical analysis of rocks, minerals, petroleum, biological tissues, alloys, etc., and the technique is well suited for the determination of the concentrations of trace elements in polymers. Neutron activation analysis was used by Given et al. (1) in their studies of water tree growth in polymeric insulation and by Wu and Chen (2) in their studies of dopant-polymer interactions in MoCl5-dcped polyacetylene films. In this work the principles of the method are described and the possibilities are illustrated by means of measurements carried out on polyethylene. 

One of the most crucial considerations in proteomic analysis is sample preparation because this will ultimately dictate the number and type of proteins that can be processed. The first priority is to establish the precise protein system to be studied [e.g., will this be a comprehensive and exhaustive catalogue of every expressed protein within a tissue or cellular extract, or is only a small subset of a cellular proteome (e.g., only phosphoproteins or membrane-bound proteins) sufficient for analysis ]. Whether a full or partial proteome, or even a limited number of specific proteins is required for analysis, it is crucial that the extraction technique provide maximal protein recovery while preserving the integrity of the protein complex to be examined. Furthermore, the method of preparation must be totally compatible with the separation methods to be used. This is particularly important for separation technologies that are reliant on protein-protein interactions or drug/ligand/antibody, etc. interactions. Poor recovery of proteins is clearly... 

---