Tissue engineering condensation

PEO-PPO-PEO triblock copolymers (Pluronics or Poloxamers) form reversible physically cross-linked hydrogels under certain concentration range and temperature. The use of this system in tissue engineering is scarce because of its inability to degrade. Di- or tri-block copolymers of PEG with PLA have been developed to overcome this problem. Multiple blocks of PEG and PLA, synthesized by condensation reaction of L-lactic acid in the presence of succinic acid. 

Cationic polymers mediate transfection via the condensation of nucleic acids, provide protection from enzymatic degradation, and facilitate cellular uptake and endolysosomal escape, making them an excellent candidate for gene delivery. However, their development has also expanded to other applications including drug conjugation and delivery, tissue engineering and therapeutic applications. 

Yunoki, S., Ikoma, T., and Tanaka J. (2010). Development of collagen condensation method to improve mechanical strength of tissue engineering scaffolds. Materials Characterization 61, 907-911. 

Dust can be said to be a solid broken down into powder, and the form that it takes will have different effects on the body. Fibrous dusts can attack tissue directly while others may be composed of poisons, which are absorbed into the bloodstream. For the purpose of this chapter, fumes can be regarded as very small particles resulting from the chemical reaction or condensation of vapor, which can have the same two effects. It is not necessary for plant engineers to have an in-depth knowledge of pathology, only that they must be aware of the possible results of exposure to dusts and fumes. 

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