Thunderstorm activity

Figure 15. Annual variation of thunderstorm activity in terms of flashes to ground in Orlando, Florida...

Monthly Dependence of Thunderstorm Activity Cape Kennedy 1957-1962... 

Because different scale of PV power stations has different covers areas and different local thunderstorm activities, it s imprecise to generalize about their lightning protection measures. So the... 

Thunderstorms (cumulonimbus clouds) come in many sizes and shapes, ranging from small air-mass thunderstorms to large supcrcells. Thunderstorms are influenced by the surrounding atmosphere and nearby convective activity. Sometimes a thunderstorm is composed of a single, isolated cumulonimbus cloud. At other times, cumulonimbus clouds are so numerous that they form a continuous sheet, losing any separate identity. 

Formerly called simple phobia, specific phobia is a marked, excessive, or unreasonable and persistent fear of a specific object or situation (e g., snakes, heights, thunderstorms). Exposure to the phobic stimulus provokes immediate and intense anxiety that the individual recognizes as excessive or unreasonable. The degree of impairment frequently depends on whether the feared object or situation is commonly encountered or can be easily avoided. The diagnosis should only be made if avoidant behavior interferes with the person s normal routine, social activities, or relationships, or if there is marked distress about having the fear. Differential diagnosis may include the following ... 

Among climate phenomena we should mention mists, dust storms, thunderstorms, and hail. Mists are most often observed over the Aral Sea in winter, lasting, on the average, 6 days a month. They are connected with the activity of the Asian anticyclone that facilitates formation of inversions under which the condensation products accumulate. In summer practically no mists occur. Dust storms are recorded, on the average, about 10 days a year [4]. They usually originate at wind velocities of 10-14 ms The visibility in this case may become nearly zero, although more often it drops to 3 km. Thunderstorms and hails are rare events in the Aral region, their number decreases from north to south. 

Doyle, G. J. (1961). Self-nucleation in the sulfuric acid water system. J. Chem. Phys. 35,795-799. Drapcho, D. L., D. Sisterson, and R. Kumar (1983). Nitrogen fixation by lightning activity in a thunderstorm. Atmos. Environ. 17, 729-734. 

Levine, J. S. (1984). Nitrogen fixation by lightning activity in a thunderstorm. Atmos. Environ. 18, 2272-2280. 

In the troposphere, the production of ozone results from the day-time oxidation of methane, nonmethane hydrocarbons, and carbon monoxide in the presence of nitrogen oxides. Under natural conditions, methane, produced in oxygen-deficient environments, is released primarily by wetlands, lakes, and rivers. Nonmethane hydrocarbons, such as isoprene and terpenes, are emitted by various types of trees. Nitric oxide is released by soils as a result of microbial activity and is produced in the atmosphere by lightning in thunderstorm systems. 

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