Thrombogenic materials, factors

It is desirable to find a simple surface property that will induce an equally simple and hence predictable behavior of plasma and its proteins and then of blood and its platelets. Are simple guidelines for building non-thrombogenic materials available or even possible Wettability (96), flow (97, 98y 99,100), and the effects of air/liquid interfaces (101) all seem to be relatively simple, physical factors with a clear effect on platelet adhesion. Physical, hydrophobic bonding, e.g., a force imposed... 

Implant polymer material factors known to affect thrombogenity include surface energy, surface chemistry and electric charge (negative ions promote resistance to the development of a thrombosis, molecular chain order and chemical additives). 

The two major problems in materials behaviour in work of this type lie in the achievement of patency at the junction with natural tissue and the avoidance of unacceptable levels of thrombogenicity. In relation to the former problem, the extent to which the elastic properties of host tissue and graft are matched has previously been suggested as an important factor (i.e., this Series, Volume 1, p. 421, refs. 81 and 82). Further clinical results accumulated over a two-year period support this proposition, indicating patency success rates of over 80% in artery grafts with matched compliance and less than 45% with mismatched grafts. ... 

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