Three-membered rings, literature

Thus it is not surprising that three-membered rings with two hetero atoms were mentioned in the literature at an early stage. For example, at the turn of the century, nitrones, hydrazones, and aliphatic diazo compounds were all formulated with three-membered rings (I, 2, 3). Later the three-membered ring structures for these compounds became questionable. The structure of the aliphatic diazo compounds was studied very intensively. For diazomethane no clas-... 

In the last 10 years many three-membered rings with two hetero atoms have been synthesized. Their formation occurs surprisingly smoothly with an ease comparable to that of the three-membered rings with one hetero atom. The oxaziranes (I), diaziridines (2), and diazirincs (3) have become, in a very short time, classes of compounds with an extensive literature. 

This review covers the chemical literature on epoxides and aziridines for the year 2007. As in previous years, this review is not comprehensive but rather covers a selection of synthetically useful and interesting reactions. Three-membered ring systems, epoxides and aziridines in particular, are excellent synthetic intermediates. This is largely due to their ability to be converted into other functional groups such as diols, diamines, and amino alcohols to name but a few. The chapter has been divided into two sections, one covering epoxides and the other covering aziridines. Each of these sections has been further divided into two additional sections, one on the synthesis of the heterocycle and one on the reactions of the heterocycle. There is some overlap between methods for the synthesis of epoxides and aziridines and any overlap has been noted in the text. 

The present chapter is largely restricted to cyclopropane derivatives as data on other compounds with a three-membered ring are lacking in the literature. Generally, chiroptical properties intrinsic to the cyclopropane system as well as substituent effects of the cyclopropyl group on chiroptical properties of other types of molecules or chromophores, respectively, will be dealt with. 

The following review covers especially the synthesis of aminocyclopropanes it deals with compounds in which a NR R moiety (R R heteroatom) is directly bonded to the three-membered ring. Cyclopropanes with other nitrogen functional groups are not included. Literature was considered until the end of 1984 the text was supplemented in October 1985. A very short review on aminocyclopropane chemistry appeared in 1974 by Gibson and DePuy Wasserman and coworkers surveyed some aminocyclopropane compounds derived from cyclopropanones. ... 

Since three-membered rings with two heteroatoms including phosphorus to bismuth were not treated in the first edition of Comprehensive Heterocyclic Chemistry (CHEC-I) we have attempted, in this review, to comprehensively cover the literature up until the middle of 1994, including several reviews already written on three-membered heterocycles (90CRV997,92CRV1839). Taking into account the various synthetic routes, and the different strategies for the stabilization of these strained three-membered heterocycles, we have attempted to divide them into several series. 

The literature offers many more examples of electron transfer induced rearrangements of compounds containing three-membered rings. In general it is not known whether the rearrangement occurs at the radical anion or dianion stage, as is the case in the above-mentioned examples. 

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