Thompson, D’Arcy

Southwood, R. (2003). The Story of Life. Oxford University Press, Oxford Stryer, L. (1995). Biochemistry (4th ed.). W.H. Freeman and Company, New York Thompson, D Arcy, M. (1988). On Growth and Form. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (reprinted from the 1961 edition)... 

Thompson, D Arcy W. "On Growth and Form". Dover Publication, New York (1992). 

Thompson D Arcy W (1961) On growth and form, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK... 

Thompson, D Arcy W. Science and the Classics. Oxford University Press, London. 1940. 

Thompson, D Arcy. On Growth and Form. Volume II. At the University Press, Cambridge. 1968. 

The search for connection between shape, structure, and function was posed by D Arcy Thompson in his book On Growth and Form first published in 1917 (Thompson, 1992). His book lets one reflect that complex forms or shapes in nature are not solely a consequence of Darwinian natural selection. They can be purely explained on the basis of geometry, physics, mathematics, and engineering and are guided by underlying physicochemical principles that drive organization of molecules to higher order structures (Ball, 1999,2004). 

So the animal has to be sufficiently large and fast, because size and speed act in the same way. Therefore, really tiny creatures have problems. D Arcy Thompson (quoted in [134]) has put it in this way ... 

Whereas helical symmetry is characterized by a constant amount of translation accompanied by a constant amount of rotation, in spiral symmetry the amounts of translation and rotation change gradually and regularly. D Arcy Thompson capitalized this word in his description,. . a Spiral is a curve which, starting from a point of origin,... 

Can be defined as weight or mass increase with age in a multiplicative way (from Medewar, R, Size, shape and age, in Essays in Growth and Form Presented to D Arcy Wentworth Thompson, Clarendon Rress, Oxford, UK, 1945, p. 708, as cited by Smith, R.W. and Ottema, C., Growth, oxygen consumption and protein and RNA synthesis rates in the yolk sac larvae of the African catfish Clarias gariepinos). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Part A 143, 315-325, 2006). 

W. D Arcy Thompson. Copyright (1992) Cambridge University Press)... 

This book deals with shape and form, and especially the role of curvature in the natural sciences. Our search is for a connection between struchu-e and function posed by D Arcy Thompson in his famous book "On Growth and Form" [1] almost a century ago. Our theme will be that cur ature, a neglected dimension, is central. Some of the curved surfaces that will preoccupy us and recur are shovm in the Appendix to this Chapter. The reader is invited to pursue them at once. They are not just computer generated art or mathematical abstractions, and will be seen later to be ubiquitous in nature. They represent situations as diverse as ... 

D Arcy Thompson, On Growth and Form, reprint-the first edition 1917, University... 

Curvilinearity. The scientist should also take into consideration that an organism is always separated from its environment by curved surfaces. This characteristic was termed by Vernadsky curvilinearity. In this coimection, D Arcy Thompson (1961) stressed that in mechanical (inert) structures curvature (curvilinearity) is found in flexible structures as the result of bending. Living natural bodies, )iave not been bent into their peculiar curvature, they have grown into it (Thompson, 1961, p. 179). 

Vernadsky knew that a version of this principle was also formulated by F. R. Japp (Vernadsky, 1965, p. 198) in the following form Only asymmetry can beget asymmetry" (Japp, 1898, p. 458). D Arcy Thompson, in his fundamental work about symmetry in nature, remarked concerning this proposition of Japp ln these last words (which, so far as chemist and biologist are concerned, we may acknowledge to be true) lies the crax of the difficulty" (Thompson, 1961, p. 138). Nevertheless, Vernadsky called this principle - the principle of Pasteur - Curie. This is, plausible, because of the widely-spread belief in the vitalistic views of Japp. 

D Arcy Thompson s [1917] On Growth and Form paved yet another path to modern comparative biological studies. This is followed by Huxley s [1932] work on the Problems of Relative Growth in which he based many of his biological interpretations on allometric relations. 

Phase 2 Drifting Apart 1917 D Arcy Thompson 1940 Goldschmidt 1940 de Beer... 

Figure 2.40 Delicate skeleton of single celled micro-organism radiolarian, a natural example of a polyhedral structure composed predominantly of hexagons but with some pentagons and heptagons. Source Reprinted with permission from D Arcy Thompson W, Growth and Form, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 708 and 738, 1942. Copyright 1942, Cambridge University Press.

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