Thiokol formulations

Above formulation 13 mini-plates washed Commercial economy dishwash 10 mini-plates washed Palmolive control 40 mini-plates washed Comment Dpacifier Lytron 305 from Morton Thiokol Formulation No. 558... 

Thiokol (structure 4.70), which was the first synthetic elastomer, was synthesized by Patrick in the 1920s, by the condensation of alkylene dichlorides and sodium polysulfides. These solvent-resistant elastomers have limited uses because of their foul odor. They can be reduced to liquid polymers that can be reoxidized to solid elastomers, which is used in caulking material and some rocket propellant formulations ... 

The flexibility inherent in the polymer manufacturing procedure allowed for the synthesis of many variations of polymer. The examination of these materials in propellant formulations by scientists at the Jet Propulsion Laboratories, Thiokol Chemical Corp., and later other propellant companies not only resulted in many useful solid propellant formulations but laid a significant portion of the foundation on which the propellant chemists of today continue to build. 

Picatinny Arsenal, in association with ATK Thiokol and others, are in the process of developing PAX Series of explosive formulations and also a series of IM melt-cast explosives. They claim that the TM-ness is accomplished by dispensing with TNT completely and using dinitroanisole (2,4-dinitroanisole, DNAN) which is a yellow crystalline substance at room temperature [218, 230] and has a m.p. of... 

Odian et a1 (Refs 113,133 150) showed that the deflagration rates of many composite AP solid propints were affected by gamma doses of 5 x I07 R. Two poly sulfide-based proplnts (Thiokol TP-L-3014 and TP-L-3014a) showed rate decreases, polyurethane (Thiokol TP-6-3129), polyacrylate (Hercules HES-6420) and polyacrylonitrile (HES-6648) based proplnts showed increases, while hydrocarbon (Thiokol TP-H-3062) and cellulose acetate (Hercules HES-5808) proplnts showed no changes in deflagration rate. Since the composite propint formulations contain various additives besides the binder and oxidizer, an effort was made to determine the effect of radiation on the deflagration rates of binder and oxidizer separately and independent of additives... 

The results are reported of a study of the disparate swell behaviour in hot water of polysulphide sealants produced with different curing agents (manganese dioxide and ammonium dichromate). Sealants tested were commercial aircraft sealants PR-1750, Pro-Seal 899 and PR-1422 and laboratory formulations prepared using Thiokol liquid... 

While CL-20 is now already produced in 100 kg quantities (e.g. by SNPE, France or Thiokol, USA) on industrial pilot scale plants, ONC is only available on a mg to g scale because of its very difficult synthesis. Despite the great enthusiasm for CL-20 since its discovery over 20 years ago it has to be mentioned that even today most of the high explosive formulations are based on RDX (see Tab. 1.2). There are several reasons why CL-20 despite its great performance has not yet been introduced successfully ... 

Thiokol when the formulation is used to bond [ Tensile Shear Strengths (psi) ... 

Oxygen in the air, whether in combination with light or not, is capable of causing cross-linking of certain elastomers (dienic polymers and copolymers with residual double-bonds). Similarly, the polysulfur type adhesives ( thiokols ) are vulcanized by oxygen. However, in both cases, the processes cannot be controlled and no optimization is possible. The situation is different with the particular acrylic formulations made up of the cyanoacrylate adhesives and the anaerobic adhesives. 

Priorconcomitant work on this problem at the Jet Propnlsion Laboratoi indicated that an elastomer based on the Thiokol Chemical Company s Solithane family of polyurethanes most nearly fulfilled these goals. Hence, one particular formulation of Solithane 113 was adopted as an interim standard. This is called GALCIT I. Its major defects are that the chemical structure is not sufficiently well defined, its properties change slowly with time, and its ultimate elongation in a uniaxial tensile test at 25 C is only about 7056, This means that it is an inadequate vehicle for large deformation studies,... 

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