Thiazole quinolin-4 -ones

In addition to the preceding chemotypes, thiazoles, quinolin-2-ones and cycloalkanothieno-pyrimido-thiazoles [79], azolepyrimidines derivatives, trisubstituted pyrimidines, benzo[fc]thiophenecarboxamides and benzofu-rancarboxamides [80-83], and substituted benzopyranones have also been claimed in different patents as PI3K inhibitors [1]. 

Thiazol 2-ones, 49-50, 62, 254 Thiazol-4- and -5-ones, 51-52 Thiazolo-[4,5-6]- and -[5,4-6]-quinolines, methylation of, 259 Thiocoumarin-3,4-diols, methylation of, 276... 

Macrocyclic antibiotics also include a family of thiopeptides, of which thiostrepton (Figure 2.11) is the parent compound and the most complex member. Produced by Streptomyces azureus [59], thiostrepton includes 10 rings, 11 peptide bonds, extensive unsaturation, an imine functionality, a secondary amine, and 17 stereogenic centers [60] it also contains five thiazole rings and one quinoline nucleus. 

A variety of heterocyclic systems have been used for forming merocyanines. The more usual nitrogen-containing heterocycles involved include benzimidazole, quinoline, ben-zothiazole, benzoselenazole, thiazole, thiazoline and indolenine. Among the more useful carbonyl-containing heterocycles are derivatives of 2-pyrazolin-5-one, 2-thiobarbituric acid, rhodanine and hydantoin. 

Nina A. Nedolya was born in Irkutsk (Russia) and educated in organic chemistry at the Irkutsk State University (Diploma 1972, PhD 1982, DSc 1998). From 1995 to 1999 she was associated with Prof. L. Brandsma at the Utrecht University (The Netherlands). In 1999 she obtained her second PhD from the Utrecht University. She is presently Head of the Research Group of Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds at A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry. She is the author of over 210 review articles and research papers. She is also one of the inventors for 112 patents. She is interested in the chemistry of polyfunctional unsaturated heteroatomic systems (vinyl, allenyl, and alkynyl ethers and their derivatives, linear and cyclic heteropolyenes, hetero-cumulenes), including synthesis of important heterocycles, particularly pyrroles, thiophenes, thiazoles, imidazoles, dihydrofurans, dihydropyridines, pyridines, quinolines, dihydroazepines, and azepines, based on metallated allenes or alkynes and/or heterocumulenes. 

Nitrogen-containing volatiles such as methyl anthranilate (30), methyl N-methyl anthranilate (31), indole (32), 3-methyl indole (= skatole) (33), 2-methoxy-3-iso-butylpyrazine (34), alkyl pyrazines (35), quinoline (36), methyl quinoline (37), pyridines (38), and so on sulfur-containing volatiles such as sulfides and thiophenes (e.g., dimethyl sulfide (39), dimethyl disulfide (40), diallyl disulfide (42), 3,2-dimethylthiophene (43), 4-mercapto-4-methyl pentanone (44), 8-mercapto-/ -men-than-3-one (45), l-/ -menthene-8-thiol (46), 3-mercaptohexanol (47), 5-prenylth-ioesters, thiazols, sulfides of mono- and sesquiterpenes, mint sulfide (48), isomint sulfide (49), etc.) (1, 2, 13, 14). 

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