Thermomechanical pulp plant

Next, we consider an application related to the paper making process and study a water allocation problem for an integrated plant containing a thermomechanical pulping plant and a paper mill. For details of this problem with three objectives, see Hakanen et al. (2004). 

The upper part of Fig. 6.4 represents the thermomechanical pulping plant and the lower part represents the paper mill. The goal is to minimize the amount of fresh water taken into the process and also to minimize... 

Pulp and paper mills produce chemical, mechanical, and thermomechanical pulps to form paper and building papers. Pulp is made by chemically or mechanically separating the wood fibers from nonfibrous material. These large facilities spread out over many acres and closely resemble large chemical plants. 

The commercial wood flour and the pulp mill residue both were expected to have primarily polar surfaces. However, the average aspect ratio of the pulp mill residue was know to be significantly higher than the aspect ratio of the wood flour. The third filler was thermomechanical fiber from a hardboard plant produced by disk refining wood at approximately 175 C. Due to the high refining temperature the thermomechanical fiber was expected to have a more non-polar surface than either wood flour as pulp mill residue. 

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