Thermogravimetric analysis polymer nanocomposites

Fitaroni, L.B., de Lima, J.A., Cmz, S.A., Waldman, W.R. Thermal stabihty of polypropylene-montmorillonite clay nanocomposites limitation of the thermogravimetric analysis. Polym. Degrad. Stab. Ill, 102-108 (2015)... 

Fina, A. Abbenhuis, H.C.L. Tabuani, D. Frache, A. Camino, G. Polypropylene metal functionalized POSS nanocomposites a study by thermogravimetric analysis. Polym. Degrad. Stab. 2006, 91, 1064-1070. 

Fina A., Abbenhuis H.C.L., Tabuani D., Frache A., Camino G., Polypropylene metal functionalised POSS nanocomposites a study by thermogravimetric analysis . Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2006 91 (5) 1064-1070. 

The impact of the nanocomposite technology on polymers is huge, reflected in enhanced properties of the resulting PNs, such as enhanced mechanical, barrier, solvent-resistant, and ablation properties.12 The effect of nanocomposite technology on the thermal and fire performance of the polymers is primarily observed in two important parameters of the polymers (1) the onset temperature (7( ,nsct) in the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) curve—representative of the thermal stability of the polymer, and (2) the peak heat release rate (peak HRR) in cone calorimetric analysis (CCA)—a reflection of the combustion behavior (the flammability) of the polymer. The Tonset will be increased and the peak HRR will be reduced for a variety of polymers when nanoscale dispersion of the nanoadditive is achieved in the polymer matrix. 

D. Wang, K. Echols, and C.A. Wilkie, Cone calorimetric and thermogravimetric analysis evaluation of halogen-containing polymer nanocomposites, Fire Mater., 2005, 29 283-294. 

The mechanical properties of the C3, C6, and Cl2 nanocomposites were all significantly better than those of the neat phenolic resin, even if a very small amount of the silicate was used. Among the nanocomposites prepared, the organically modified MMT-resol systems showed better mechanical properties than those of the unmodified MMT-resol system. This improvement was attributed to the formation of an end-tethered structure due to the reaction of the carboxylic acid of the organic modifier with the methylol group of the phenolic resin. Thermogravimetric analysis reported by Byun and coworkers showed that the nanocomposite systems had similar thermal stability to that of the neat polymer. 

The mercaptide thermolysis may behave differently in the presence or absence of polymers [Conte et al., 2007]. However, in most cases, the inorganic phase generated by the thermal degradation of mercaptide molecules dissolved in polymer corresponds exactly to that resulting from the thermal degradation of pure mercaptide. Consequently, a preliminary study of neat mercaptide thermolysis by thermal analysis approaches [differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)] is usually performed before nanocomposite preparation and characterization. 

The thermogravimetric analysis on TiO -polypropylene nanocomposite fibers show an increase in thermal degradation temperature for nanocomposite system compared to pristine polypropylene [67]. This improvement is attributed to the good adhesion between PP and TiO. Good interfacial adhesion between the particles and the polymer helps the nanoparticle to effectively restrict the motion of the polymer chain. It makes the fragmentation of the polymer chain harder at lower temperature and. shifts the degradation temperature to the higher side. 

Thermal properties Thermal properties are the properties of materials that change with temperature. They are studied by thermal analysis techniques, which include DSC, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermomechanical analysis (TMA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA)/dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), dielectric thermal analysis, etc. As is well known, TGA/DTA and DSC are the two most widely used methods to determine the thermal properties of polymer nanocomposites. TGA can demonstrate the thermal stability, the onset of degradation, and the percentage of silica incorporated in the polymer matrix. DSC can be... 

Wu T-M, Wu C-Y (2006) Biodegradable poly(lactic acid)/chitosan-modified montmorillonite nanocomposites preparation and characterization. Polym Degrad Stab 91(9) 2198-2204 Xi Y, Ding Z, He H, Frost RL (2004) Stiucture of oiganoclays—an X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis study. J Colloid Inhxface Sci 277 116-120 Xi Y, Frost RL, He H (2007) Modification of the surfaces of Wyoming montmorillonite by the cationic surfactants alkyl trimethyl, dialkyl dimethyl, and trialkyl methyl ammonium bromides. J Colloid Interface Sci 305(1) 150-158... 

Figure 8.5 Thermogravimetric analysis of PLLA/PCL blend and nanocomposites with varions amounts of OMMT. From Yu et al.. Polymer [23. p. 6443]. With permission.

To determine an order of decomposition in polymer-clay nanocomposites containing the FR particles, performed thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) on the PMMA homopolymers and PS/PMMA blends with and without inorganic additives. 

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