Thermoelectric conversion

Cesium or Caesium, Cs, at wt 132.91. silver -white, soft ductile metal, d 1.90, mp 28°, bp 690° soi in acids ale decomp by w can be prepd by chermochemical reduction of CsCl with Ca. Toxicity and fire expln hazards of Cs are discussed by SaxfRef 5). Liquid Cs has been suggested for ion propulsion systems and plasma for thermoelectric conversion(Ref 6). Muraour Aunis(Ref 4) have shown that salts... 

A further option might be the combination with an AMTEC process [16], The thermoelectric conversion might be a possibility to extract heat for electricity generation in smaller units for defence applications [17], Finally, arty endothermic process needs a transfer of heat at a certain temperature, and thus a certain supply of entropy [18], This amount in entropy is a thermodynamic process requirement which is dif-... 

As radioactive decay heat sources that in conjunction with thermoelectric conversion... 

Use Photoelectric cells, getter in vacuum tubes, hydrogenation catalyst, ion propulsion systems, plasma for thermoelectric conversion, atomic clocks, rocket propellant, heat-transfer fluid in power generators, thermochemical reactions, seeding combustion gases for magnetohydrodynamic generators. 

Miyako E, Nagata H, Eunahashi R et al (2009) Light-driven thermoelectric conversion based on a carbon nanotube-ionic hquid gel composite. ChemSusChem 2 740-742... 

Design of Multi-Functionally Graded Structure of Cylindrical RI Heat Source for Thermoelectric Conversion System... 

This research suggested a one-step process to fabricate the thermoelectric conversion cell with its electrode. Sio 78Geo 22 alloy and (Si-MoSi2) composite were used as a thermoelectric conversion material and an electrode material, respectively. The HIP process was employed to prepare samples. The experimental and theoretical analyses on the thermal stress and electrical resistivity identified that this process has good prospects to substitute for jointing of SiGe with electrode. 

Radioisotopes provide excellent low-power, long life energy sources. The device SNAP-7B (System for Nuclear Auxiliary Power) powers an unattended lighthouse. It uses thermoelectric conversion the hot junctions are clustered around the strontium-90 titanate source, which produced 0.45 watt/g. 

Conversion of energy into heat may occur in two ways through the process of conduction or by coupling of two storage systems, one of them being the thermal capacitor. The first process is known as dissipation and it is an irreversible conversion. The second process is a reversible conversion, for instance, as in the thermoelectric conversion from electrical energy into heat, known as the Seebeck effect, and in the reverse process known as the Peltier effect (see Chapter 12). 

An introduction to thermoelectric generation is followed by a brief outline of the basic principles, which govern the thermoelectric conversion of heat flow into electricity. Components of a thermoelectric generator are described together with their role. 

In figure 19 is displayed the effect on generator efficiency of preheating temperature difference. Evidently fi"om the figure preheating the combustants results in an increase of 10% in the system s thermoelectric conversion efficiency. 

The ELENA at 3.3 MW(th) is based on well proven technology of light water reactors with uranium dioxide fuel its thermoelectric conversion array for providing electricity for on-site use is supported by the operating space reactor prototype, GAMMA. 

CHTR (26) H2 with optional cogeneration of electricity using thermoelectric conversion and waste heat... 

To assure safe operation of the plant based on natural physical phenomena without using mechanisms and active automatic devices — Reactor self-control — Natural circulation — Thermoelectric conversion of energy — Unattended operation — Operation without onsite refuelling ... 

CHTR (India) 0.1 n/a, Brayton cycle plus thermoelectric conversion Yes Thermo- chemical processes plus electrolysis 2015 Conceptual design stage Yes -11% n/a Lifetime eore (5 years). Compact power pack for remote places and for hydrogen production... 

Tsubota, T., Ohtaki, M., Eguchi, K., and Arai, K. (1997) Thermoelectric properties of Al-doped ZnO as a promising oxide material for high temperature thermoelectric conversion. /. Mater. Chem., 7 (1), 85. 

S.4.3.2 Power with cooling at outside reflector at ideal temperature for thermoelectric conversion... 

Effective conversion from the thermal energy to the electricity is very important in the modernized society. Thermoelectric conversion looks attractive because of direct conversion between the heat and electricity. In the thermoelectric power generation, the efficient materials with high performance are critically important to obtain the higher electric power from the temperature difference. Many and strong efforts have been paid to raise the Seebeck coefficient, to increase the electric conductivity and to suppress the thermal conductivity [1],... 

S. Kurnik, M. Cutler, R. Fitzpatrick, J. Leavy. High-Temperature Semiconductors for Thermoelectric Conversion," in Rare Earth Research, ed. E. V. Kleber, Macmillan, New York, 1961. 

---