Thermodynamics bioenergetics

Huang, W.-D., Percival Zhang, Y.-H., 2011. Analysis of biofuels production from sugar based on three criteria thermodynamics, bioenergetics, and product separation. Energy Environmental Science 4 (3), 784-792. 

This chapter introduces the first law of thermodynamics and its applications in three main parts. The first part introduces the basic concepts of thermodynamics and the experimental basis of the first law. The second part introduces enthalpy as a measure of the energy transferred as heat during physical changes at constant pressure. The third part shows how the concept of enthalpy is applied to a variety of chemical changes, an important aspect of bioenergetics, the use of energy in biological systems. 

Chaplan, S. R., and A. Essig, Bioenergetics and Linear Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics. The Steady State, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1983. 

Fig. 1.5 Schematic representation of the evolution of life from its precursors, on the basis of the definition of life given by the authors. If bioenergetic mechanisms have developed via autonomous systems, the thermodynamic basis for the beginning of the archiving of information, and thus for a one-polymer world such as the RNA world , has been set up. Several models for this transition have been discussed. This phase of development is possibly the starting point for the process of Darwinian evolution (with reproduction, variation and heredity), but still without any separation between genotype and phenotype. According to the authors definition, life begins in exactly that moment when the genetic code comes into play, i.e., in the transition from a one-polymer world to a two-polymer world . The last phase, open-ended evolution, then follows. After Ruiz-Mirazo et al. (2004)...

Coming, P.A. (2002). Thermoeconomics beyond the second law. J. Bioeconom., 4, 57-88 Everett, D.H. (1959). An Introduction to Chemical Thermodynamics. Longmans, London Kinosita, K., Yasuda, R., Noji, H. and Adachi, K. (2000). A rotary molecular motor that can work at near 100% efficiency. Philos. Trans. Act. Royal Soc. London B, 355, 473—489. See also Proc. Biochem. Soc. (2005) Meeting Mechanics of Bioenergetic Membrane Proteins Structures and... 

All molecules have an amount of energy determined mainly by their chemical structure. Metabolism involves chemical change. Inevitably therefore, energy changes always accompany the chemical changes which occur in metabolism. Our understanding of bioenergetics arises from physics and the laws of thermodynamics. 

Bioenergetics the application of thermodynamic principles to biological systems... 

Sturtevant, J.M. 1980. Differential scanning calorimetry processes involving proteins. In Bioenergetics and Thermodynamics Model Systems. A. Braibanti, editor. John Wiley Sons, New York, 391-396. 

Finally, the theory for the bioenergetics and kinetics of microtubule assembly and disassembly of microtubules has been extended by Hill and Kirschner (1983). They consider the coupling of nucleotide hydrolysis in terms of the energetics of the [GTP]/[GDP][PJ mass action ratio, the possible effects of force imparted by attachment of tubules to barriers on the rate constants, and other intriguing aspects of protomer-polymer exchange kinetics and thermodynamics. Unfortunately, much of their theory remains to be tested, and an evaluation of its importance in revealing the subtleties of assembly/disassembly remains for future investigations. 

Bioenergetics is the quantitative study of the energy transductions that occur in living cells and of the nature and function of the chemical processes underlying these transductions. Although many of the principles of thermodynamics have been introduced in earlier chapters and may be familiar to you, a review of the quantitative aspects of these principles is useful here. 

Bioenergetics is the quantitative study of energy relationships and energy conversions in biological systems. Biological energy transformations obey the laws of thermodynamics. 

Garby, L., and Larsen, P. S. (1995) Bioenergetics Its Thermodynamic Foundations, Cambridge Univ. Press, London and New York... 

The discussion of thermodynamics presented in chapter 2 gives a perspective of bioenergetic considerations, which are discussed at many points throughout the text. 

A. Gliozzi, Carriers and Channels in Artificial and Biological Membranes, in Bioenergetics and Thermodynamics, A. Braibanti (ed.), D. Reidel Publishing Co., New York, pp. 299-353 (1980). 

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