Thermal ionisation mass spectrometry TIMS

Laser Excited Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry (LEAFS) (40, 41, 46-48), Thermal Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (TIMS) (6, 42, 43, 45, 49-53), Electrothermal Atomization Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (ETA-AAS) (24, 28, 54, 55), Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (DPASV) (27, 49, 56, 57),... 

The low concentrations of Pb found in Greenland and Antarctic snow and ice makes reliable concentration and isotopic composition measurements difficult to determine. Contamination with anthropogenic Pb during sample collection or drilling must be minimised, then extreme precautions must be taken to access a contamination-free sample (12, 28). Sensitive analytical methods which can analyse pg quantities of Pb are also required. A number of different methods meet this requirement however, discussion in this chapter will be limited to Thermal Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (TIMS) because this is the only technique, to date, to be successfully used to measure isotope abundances in polar ice. IDMS is an integral part of the technique used to measure the isotopic composition of the samples. 

This procedure uses only one calibration standard. To achieve good accuracy the ion abundances of the standard should be as close as possible to those of the sample. This method has been used for both organic and inorganic IDMS, especially using thermal ionisation mass spectrometry (TIMS). 

ESCA = electron spectrometry for chemical analysis IC = ion chromatography SIE = selective ion electrode TIMS = thermal ionisation mass spectrometry. 

In this chapter we will focus on the determination of those nuclides that are widely used as tracers, and where the analysis can be performed without access to highly specialized equipment such as AMS (accelerator mass spectrometry) or TIMS (thermal ionisation mass spectrometry). We describe detailed analytical methods for the nuclides " Th, Th, °Po, °Pb, Be, Ra, Ra, Ra, Ra and Rn. For the determination of other nuclides key references have been listed in Tables 13-1 and 13-2. 

Luguet, A., Nowell, G.M., and Pearson, D.G. (2008) Os-184/Os-188 and Os-186/Os-188 measurements by negative thermal ionisation mass spectrometry (N-TIMS) effects of interfering element and mass fractionation corrections on data accuracy and precision. Chem. Geol,... 

ID-TIMS isotope dilution thermal ionisation mass spectrometry... 

TI-IDMS Thermal ionisation-isotope dilution mass spectrometry (see ID-TIMS)... 

Thermogravimetry, thermogravimetric analysis Thermochromatography Thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation Thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation GC-MS Thermal ionisation-isotope dilution mass spectrometry cfr. also ID-TIMS)... 

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