Thermal indium compounds

Table tr.1-78 Linear thermal expansion coefficient a of indium compounds... 

Tris(0-ethyl dithiocarbonato)chromium(III) is obtained as a dark blue crystalline powder which decomposes at 100 to 140°. The indium(III) ethylxanthate complex forms small colorless crystals which decompose at 130 to 150°.16,17 The cobalt (III) ethylxanthate complex is isolated as a dark green crystalline powder whose decomposition temperature determined by use of a thermal balance is 135 to 137° (lit. value, 117° 2 118 to 119°8). These compounds decompose slowly in air and more rapidly when heated in solution. The tripositive chromium, indium, and cobalt complexes are insoluble in water but are soluble in many organic solvents (Table T). 

Tris(dimethyl sulfoxide)indium(III) chloride is a white crystalline nonhygro-scopic compound, soluble in alcohols, ethyl acetate, and nitromethane. Decomposition occurs at 130°. The infrared spectrum and the results of thermal stability studies have been reported.6 The presence of dmso can be verified from the infrared spectrum,6 which shows C—H vibrations, and =0 at 945, 960, and 995 cm. ... 

Indium-promoted organometallic reactions are greatly accelerated in water, especially when the coreactant carbonyl compound also has good water solubility. Otherwise, aqueous tetrahydrofuran can be used. To date, indium is the most effective metal for promoting Barbier-type reactions under aqueous conditions. As illustrated here, this is of particular value where formaldehyde is concerned, since the need to generate monomeric formaldehyde by thermal cracking is avoided. 

Such is the weakness of In-H and Tl-H bonds that the chemistry of indium and thallium hydrides is unlikely to rival that of the corresponding aluminum and gallium compounds. This is certainly the inference to be drawn from the thermal instability of the known compounds LiInH4 and LiTlH4, both of which decompose rapidly at 273 K (similar... 

A recent study on the stability of various indium alkyl derivatives has been performed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), which provides a comprehensive thermal fingerprint of the compounds. In addition, when this method of thermal analyses is used in conjunction with thermogravimetric analysis coupled to FTIR and/or GCMS evolved gas analysis, it can provide a complete mechanism for the decomposition pathway of prospective compounds. ... 

Reduction or disproportionation of univalent group 13 compounds generally resnlts in the formation of multiple-bonded species, clusters, and metals (eqnation 3). Such reactivity has been exploited for the prodnction of indium nanoparticles (y = 0) by the solvothermal decomposition of Cpln. Similarly, the thermal decomposition of many RM compounds (M = Al, Ga, In) results in the elimination of a portion of the substituents and produces metal-rich group 13 clusters of various sizes the clusters obtained are thonght to be intermediates on the pathway to the formation of bnlk metal. ... 

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