The range and sources of flavoring ingredients

Consideration will be given first to some of the more chemically complex flavoring materials, which are of natural origin. The definitions which follow are, of necessity, general in nature and not necessarily all inclusive. 

A water soluble flavoring material made by the dewaxing of a concrete with hot alcohol, e g. Beeswax absolute. 

A solid to semi-solid substance containing volatile essential oils and a fatty-waxy material obtained by the extraction of plant tissue with lipophilic solvents like hexane, e.g. Orris concrete. 

The volatile oil containing the essential flavor/aroma of the named plant, herb, root, bark, flower, etc. The volatile oil is obtained by distillation or expression, e.g. expressed Orange oil. 

A concentrated essential oil. Folding is a gravimctric/volumetric measure of the strength of a concentrated essential oil expressed as a multiple of a standard. A folded Citrus oil would be compared to the expressed oil (steam distilled oil in the case of distilled Lime oil), e.g. 5 x Orange oil. 

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