The Ionotropic Definitions

Lux described reactions in oxide melts in terms of oxide ion transfer reactions (oxidotropism)2i. 22 i3ase is defined as an oxide ion donor and an acid as an oxide ion acceptor  

Donor- and acceptor functions for base and acid respectively are now opposite to those for BRONSTED-systems, since the ion responsible for the reactions (the oxide ion) is carrying negative charges. 

Ebert and KonopirI distinguish between donor and acceptor functions for both acids and bases. A donor acid releases solvent cations while an acceptor acid accepts solvent anions e.g. in water.  

Likewise a donor base releases solvent anions and an acceptor base accepts solvent cations, e.g. in water  

By making use of these considerations Gutmann and Lindqvist s extended the Bronsted theory by replacing the term prototropic reactions by ionotropic reactions . In general solvent systems are classified as a) cationotropic, h) anionotropic. 

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