The Different Solution Techniques

The simplest technique may be coprecipitation. In this method, a reagent is added to the stock solution that is destabilized and precipitated. Better mixing at a microscopic level is then achieved without mechanical grinding and mixing. Insoluble carboxylates such as citrates, oxalates and carbonates or hydroxides are the most suitable reagents. 

Another procedure is to rapidly dry the solution at a rate that does not allow the elements to segregate. As an example, aerosols can be sprayed through a furnace heated at the reaction temperature of 900°C. This yields spherical submicronic particles that are most suitable to sinterable compacts. Another way is to spray the solution onto a substrate. This is a simple method of thick film deposition. Very ionic species such as nitrates dissolved in water can be sprayed onto a hot substrate. Long-chain carboxylates, soluble in volatile organic solvents, can be deposited as well, even at room temperature. 

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