The Balleny, Scott, and Peter I Islands

The Balleny Islands in Fig. 16.39 are located in the southern Pacific Ocean about 250 km north of the Pennell Coast of northern Victoria Land between 66°16 to 67 38 S and 162 15 to 164°44 E. They form a Unear chain of volcanic islands between Erast Antarctica and Australia and resemble in this regard 

Scott Island is a large submerged free-standing volcanic mountain that rises from the seafloor to a height of about 100 m above the surface of the ocean (Womer and Orsi 1992). It is located at 67°30 S and 180°00 about 500 km east of the Balleny Islands. 

Peter I Island is a large shield volcano in the Bellingshausen Sea at 68°51 S and 90 35 W and about 280 km north of the coast of Ellsworth Land in West Antarctica. Its principal claim to fame is that it was discovered by Captain Thaddeus von Bellingshausen on January 10, 1821, during his circumnavigation of Antarctica. 

All of these islands are Cenozoic volcanoes that erupted silica undersaturated and alkali-rich volcanic rocks that superficially resemble the volcanic rocks of the West Antarctica rift valley along the coast of Victoria Land and in Marie Byrd Land of West Antarctica. The existence of these volcanoes in the oceans close to Antarctica raises a question about 

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