Thaw rigor

The biochemical state of the muscle, i.e., interactions of the proteins of the myofibril (e.g., in rigor mortis, cold shortening, and thaw rigor), as well as the proteolytic changes during aging of the meat... 

A further advantage of this catalytic system is that the organic cycloadducts can be easily separated from the aqueous phase, allowing the catalyst solution to be isolated and directly reused. The catalyst retains its activity for the cycloaddition through several separate uses. As illustrated for the conversion of 108 to 109, the yield of the cycloaddition remained approximately constant for five reuses of the catalyst and decreased only with the sixth use (Tab. 13.9). With alkynoate substrate 94, the experiment was repeated with rigorous deoxygenation (by freeze-pump-thaw cycles) of the catalyst solution between uses, and it was found to function cleanly after eight uses (Tab. 13.8, entry 4). 

I.6.2. A variety of models If the most rigorous technique is not required, for example, if a monomer is to be polymerised at, say, 80 °C by a radical initiator, then solvent and monomer are run into the mixing chamber, the catalyst is added and left to dissolve, the assembly is then attached to a vacuum Une to allow the reaction mixture to be degassed by the conventional freeze-pump-thaw process and to facilitate the filling of the body and the capillary. When this has been done, the dilatometer is thermostatted and the height of the meniscus in the capillary is monitored by means of a catheto-meter. The simple dilatometer adequate for this can be modified for more... 

The viability of the various soil consortia was dramatically affected by multiple freeze-thaw cycles, with CFU/ ml typically decreasing by five orders of magnitude after 48 cycles (Figure 2). This was then repeated for a second 48 cycles after reculturing the survivors (not shown). The overall decrease in viability did not simply result from a reduction in numbers since the appearance of the colonies indicated that there was a shift in the complexity of the populations. Evidence for this differential susceptibility to freeze-thaw treatments is shown by the lack of E. coli colonies after 24 cycles and the absence of P. chloroaphis after 48 cycles (Figure 2). After isolating DNA from 16 colonies that survived this rigorous freeze-thaw selection in one series of experiments, five distinct sequences were identified. The bacteria from which these five sequences were isolated were then used... 

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