Tetraphenyltins

The production of triphenyl tin hydroxide [76-87-9] and triphenyl tin acetate [900-95-8] start with triphenyl tin chloride, which is prepared by the Kocheshkov redistribution reaction from tetraphenyltin and tin tetrachloride. The hydroxide is prepared from the chloride by hydrolysis with aqueous sodium hydroxide. The acetate can be made directiy from the chloride using sodium acetate or from the hydroxide by neutrali2ation with a stoichiometric quantity of acetic acid. 

Tetranitrofluorenone, 42, 95 Tetraphenyltin from phenyllithium and allyltriphenyltin, 41, 30 Teteolic acid, 42, 97 Thiobenzoylthioglycolic ACID, 42, 100... 

The use of organotin compounds for the preparation of organometallics and organometalloids appears to be quite versatile.9 For example, alkyltetrafluorophosphoranes have been obtained from tetraalkyltin compounds and phosphorus(Y) fluoride,10 phenylmercury(II) chloride from tetraphenyltin and mercury(II) chloride,11 and divinylbromoarsine from ( -C4H9)2-Sn(CH=CH2)2 and arsenic (III) bromide.12... 

The Stille reaction of 2-chloro-3,6-diisopropylpyrazine (7) and 2-chloro-3,6-diisopropylpyrazine 4-oxide (9) with tetra(p-methoxyphenyl)stannane (readily prepared in situ from the corresponding Grignard reagent and SnCU) led to the corresponding arylation products 8 and 10, respectively [9]. Additional Stille coupling reactions of chloropyrazines and their N-oxides have been carried out with tetraphenyltin [10] and aryl-, heteroaryl-, allyl- and alkylstannanes [11]. 

The number of organic substituents also influences interaction with lipid bilayers. Diphenyltin chloride causes disturbances of the hydrophobic region of the lipid bilayer, triphenyltin chloride adsorbs to the head-group region, and tetraphenyltin does not partition into the lipid bilayer [235-237]. Similar results were found for the butylated tins [238]. In addition, the mono-butyltin was homogeneously distributed within the lipid bilayer [238]. 

Tetraphenyltin reacts with lithium in liquid ammonia to give (Ph3Sn)3Sn Li(NH3)4+. In the crystal, the (Ph3Sn)3Sn anion has a trigonal-bipyramidal structure.482... 

P-Phenylation of a,p-unsaturated ketones in high yield (75-85%), using the palladium catalysed reaction with phenylmercury(II) chloride or tetraphenyltin(IV), is promoted by tetra-n-butylammonium chloride [37],... 

Phenyllithium in ether solution can be directly analyzed after addition of excess triph-enyltin chloride. An insoluble precipitate of tetraphenyltin is formed, filtered, washed, dried and weighed . This method affords a large amplification factor for phenyllithium. 

Both form nickel carbonyl complexes (36). The lithium salt of triphenylstannide, which can readily be formed from tetraphenyltin and lithium salts, reacts violently with nickel carbonyl to give the presumably efficient catalyst Li(Ni(C0)3Sn(Ph)3). This complex possibly catalyzes the carbonylation of methyl iodide in a manner similar to that of the phosphine complex. 

Tetraphenyltin [595-90-4] M 427.1, m 226 . Crystd from CHCI3, xylene or benzene/cyclohexane, and dried at 75°/20mm. 

Carbonylation of halides with tetramethyltin This nickel complex is the most efficient catalyst for the synthesis of methyl ketones by reaction of aryl halides with carbon monoxide and tetramethyltin in HMPT at 120°. No reaction occurs when tetraphenyltin is used. A typical reaction is formulated in equation (I). 

Misc. aromatic compounds (nitrobenzene tetraphenyltin) accumulator column 6 47-89 74 6-24 13 d... 

The first instance of SFC coupled to ICP-MS was reported by Shen et al. [127] for the speciation of tetraalkyltin compounds. Liquid C02 was used as the mobile phase and the SFC column was completely inserted through the transfer line and connected to a frit restrictor (Fig. 11). The restrictor was heated to approximately 200°C by a copper tube inserted into the ICP torch. Tetramethyltin (TMT), tetrabutyltin (TBT), tetraphenyltin (TPT), tributyltin acetate... 

Fig. 12. SFC-ICP-MS chromatogram for a 1 pg injection of tetrabutyltin and tetraphenyltin. Reprinted from Shen et al. [127] by permission of the American Chemical Society.

Shen et al. [262] evaluated indirectly coupled plasma mass spectrometry as an element detector for the supercritical fluid chromatography of organotin compounds in water. Detection limits of 0.04 and 0.047pg absolute were obtained, respectively, for tetrabutyltin and tetraphenyltin. 

---