Tetra-n-butylammonium periodate

Tetra-n-butylammonium periodate, (C4H9)4NI04. Mol. wt. 433.4, m.p. 158-159°, water insoluble, unstable to light. The reagent is prepared in quantitative yield by reaction of sodium periodate with tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate in aqueous solution. 

Nickel peroxide. Oxoperoxobis(N-phenylbenzohydroxamato) molyb-denum(VI). Palladium(II) acetate-Tri-phenylphosphine. Palladium /-butyl peroxide trifluoroacetate. Periodic acid. Permonophosphoric acid. Potassium dichromate. Potassium hydrogen persulfate. Pyridinium dichromate. Ruthenium tetroxide. Selenium dioxide. Sodium hypochlorite. Titanium(IlI) chlo-ride-Hydrogen peroxide. Potassium nitrodisulfonate. Potassium peroxodi-sulfate. Pyridinium chlorochromate. Pyridinium chlorochromate-Hydrogen peroxide. Sodium permanganate monohydrate. Tetra-n-Butylammonium periodate. Thailium(III) acetate. Trimethyl-amine N-oxide. Triphenylmethylphos-phonium permanganate. 

M. Nasr-Esfahani, M. Moghadam, S. Tangestaninejad, V. Mirkhani, Biomimetic oxidation of Hantzsch 1,4-dihydropyridines with tetra-n-butylammonium periodate catalyzed tetraphenyl-porphyrinatomanganese(lll) chloride Mn(TPP)Cl, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 15 (2005) 3276. 

Tetra-n-butylammonium periodate in refluxing dioxan represents an alternative method for oxidative decarboxylation, being capable of converting arylacetic acids into benzaldehydes and a-hydroxy acids into aldehydes in 50— 70% yields. A similar transformation of acids (RCH2CO2H) into aldehydes (RCHO) can be accomplished by conversion of the acid into a triazolium salt followed by oxidation with (diacetoxyiodo)benzene and base hydrolysis overall yields are fair. ... 

Treatment of the long-chain imidazolium salts 263 with potassium, sodium, and tetra-n-butylammonium borohydrides affords the acyclic diamines 264 and 265. The isomer ratio was not reported. Sodium cyanobo-rohydride failed to reduce the same salt under a variety of conditions. The imidazoline 266 reacts with LAH in THF above — 10°C to give the 1,2-di-aminoethane 267. Sodium borohydride is a less effective reducing agent in this reaction, achieving the same conversion over a longer period of time. Other less reactive hydrides [LiBH4, NaBHjCN, LiAlH(0-t-Bu)j] do not react. 

Various additives have been added to PFSA membranes to either replace the water or to retain the water at higher temperatures. Nafion has been swollen with phosphoric acid and a conductivity of 0.05 S/cm has been achieved at 150°C. Unfortimately, the anode fails after a short period of time in these membranes so no successful FC tests have been run. 1-Butyl,3-methyl imidazolium triflate and tetrafluoroborate have also been used to swell Nafion giving a conductivity of 0.1 S/cm at 180°C. Nafion has also been swollen with heterocycle solutions, imidazole, and imidazolium salts in trifluoroacetate and trifluoro methane sulfonate solution, although the reported conductivities are more modest, 10 S/cm at 100°C. Acetic acid and tetra-n-butylammonium chloride solutions of the heteropoly acid (HPA), 12-phosphotungstic acid (PTA), have all been used with Nafion giving improved FC performance at 110°C and 120°C, respectively, vs. the undoped PFSA. ... 

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