Ternary gaseous systems

The procedure of Beutier and Renon as well as the later on described method of Edwards, Maurer, Newman and Prausnitz ( 3) is an extension of an earlier work by Edwards, Newman and Prausnitz ( ). Beutier and Renon restrict their procedure to ternary systems NH3-CO2-H2O, NH3-H2S-H2O and NH3-S02 H20 but it may be expected that it is also useful for the complete multisolute system built up with these substances. The concentration range should be limited to mole fractions of water xw 0.7 a temperature range from 0 to 100 °C is recommended. Equilibrium constants for chemical reactions 1 to 9 are taken from literature (cf. Appendix II). Henry s constants are assumed to be independent of pressure numerical values were determined from solubility data of pure gaseous electrolytes in water (cf. Appendix II). The vapor phase is considered to behave like an ideal gas. The fugacity of pure water is replaced by the vapor pressure. For any molecular or ionic species i, except for water, the activity is expressed on the scale of molality m ... 

Particularly interesting are the intermetallie species such as Cs2lnSb3 or CsSnBiSb2 observed in the ternary systems Cs-Sb with In or Sn and the aforementioned quarternary system (ef. Table 3). They are first examples of gaseous complex Zintl compounds with alkali atoms as donor partners [193]. 

Different binding types (covalent, ionic, metallic) are realized in the different gaseous spedes of the binary, ternary, and quartemary systems mentioned above as discussed by Hartmann and Weil [171] considering also the possible structure of these species. 

Balducci et al. [383-387] identified numerous gaseous ternary europium-containing high-temperature species of the systems Eu-X-O (cf Table 17). The thermochemical properties of these species and of further molecules of the composition EuXO (g) (n = 1 to 4 X = IVa, Va, Via, group metals) are summarized and discussed by Balducci et al. [385]. Some are given in Table 16. 

Carbides.— The crystal chemistry of ternary and more complex carbides has been reviewed. The dissociation energies of gaseous metal dicarbides have also been reviewed and compared with those of the corresponding chal-cogenide systems for which information is available. The results of two mass-spectrometric investigations of the atomization energies ( atom,o) dissociation energies (Z)S), and enthalpies of formation (A/ff°... 

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