Terminal radar approach control

Air traffic control is the means by which separation of aircraft in flight and on the ground is maintained. This service is provided by ground-based personnel utilizing electronic systems and two-way communication. Present-day air traffic control rehes primarily on radar. Radar allows air traffic controllers to identify aircraft and to determine altitude, speed, and course. This, in turn, provides the controllers the information required to maintain separation and guide aircraft to their destinations. Air traffic control is divided into three distinct entities air traffic control towers (ATCTs) terminal radar approach control (TRACON) and air route traffic control centers (ARTCCs). Each has a distinct function, but all activities are coordinated among the sections. Flight service stations, an advisory service, are also a part of the air traffic control network. 

Air Route Traffic Control Centers (ARTCCs). The air traffic control system is divided into twenty-two ARTCCs that manage traffic within specific geographical areas. The ARTCCs are responsible for all traffic other than that controlled by the terminal radar approach control (TRAGON) and the control tower facilities. Primarily utilizing constant radar surveillance, the ARTCCs provide separation for aircraft operating in controlled airspace under instrument flight rules. 

Terminal Radar Approach Control. The TRACON controller accepts the aircraft from the ARTCC as it approaches within 30 to 50 miles of its destination. Again, depending primarily on radar, the TRACON controller issues instructions to the pilot, sequences aircraft for approach or departure, and provides separation between aircraft within the controlled airspace. The TRAGON controller will hand off the traffic either to an ARTGG if the aircraft is departing... 

Control Tower the air traffic control tower, terminal radar approach control, enroute control facility, and ground control movement centers... 

---