Terephthalic acid reaction with, phosgene

Polyanhydrides of terephthalic acid (10.39), isophthalic acid (10.40), and sebacic acid (10.41), were prepared by reaction with phosgene in toluene in the presence of NEtj [1865]. The polymers all have the general structure 10.42 X = l,4-CgH4, 1,3-CgH or (CHj). ... 

These materials have the general structure shown in Figure 20.11 and are prepared by reaction of bisphenol A with iso- and/or terephthalic acid and a carbonate group donor (e.g. phosgene or diphenyl carbonate). 

Reaction of cyanuric chloride with amines to give reactive dyes 2. Sulfonation and nitration of naphthalene at low temperatures 3. Reaction between terephthalic acid and ethylene oxide in a solvent in the presence of dissolved catalysts 4. Manufacture of diisocyanate by reaction between phosgene and hydrochlorides of amines 5. Alkaline hydrolysis of solid esters such as di-/3-chloroelhyl oxalate and nitrobenzoic acid esters Venkatraman (1972) Groggins (1958) Hydrocarbon Proc. Petrol. Refiner (1971) Bhatia et al. (1976) Sharma and Sharma (1969, I970a,b)... 

The reaction involves formation of a catalyst complex between DMF and phosgene, which then reacts with terephthalic acid. 

Phthaloyl chlorides [isophthaloyl chloride (ICL) and terephthaloyl chlo-ride(TCL)] are made by at least two processes, both involving the chlorination of phthalic acid. In the first (13), xylene is chlorinated by a photochemical reaction to form hexachloroxylene. The hexachloroxylene then reacts with phthalic acid to give the corresponding phthaloyl chloride and by-product HCl. Phthaloyl chloride is purified by double distillation. To produce ICL by this reaction, m-xylene and isophthalic acid are the starting materials. To produce TCL, the process starts with p-xylene and terephthalic acid. Phthaloyl chlorides can also be produced by reacting intermolecular anhydrides of the corresponding acids with phosgene, in the presence of an amide catalyst such as DMF or DMA (14). 

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