Tendonitis clinical presentation

SYMPTOMATIC THERAPY OF ALS SPASTICITY Spasticity is a clinical feature of ALS that often leads to considerable pain and discomfort and reduces mobility, which already is compromised by weakness. Furthermore, spasticity is the feature of ALS that is most amenable to present forms of treatment. Spasticity is an increase in muscle tone characterized by an initial resistance to passive displacement of a limb at a joint, followed by a sudden relaxation (the so-caUed clasped-knife phenomenon). Spasticity is the result of the loss of descending inputs to the spinal motor neurons, and the character of the spasticity depends on which nervous system pathways are affected. Whole repertoires of movement can be generated directly at the spinal cord level it is beyond the scope of this chapter to describe these in detail. In general, pyramidal pathways that use glutamate as a neurotransmitter are impaired, with relative preservation of the other descending pathways, resulting in hyperactive deep-tendon reflexes, impaired fine motor coordination, increased extensor tone in the legs, and increased flexor tone in the arms. The gag reflex often is overactive as well. 

Rodrigues, M.T., Reis, R.L., Gomes, MJi., 2013. Engineering tendon and ligament tissues present developments towards successhd clinical products. J. Tissue Eng. Regen. Med. 7, 673-686. 

From the clinical point of view, tendinosis typically presents with tendon swelling, tenderness, and absent or moderate pain aggravated by activities and the coexistence of tenosynovitis (Fornage and... 

Peroneal tendon tears can be observed in patients following ankle sprains or with a history of chronic instability, especially if they are affected by systemic disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes mellitus or are receiving corticosteroids (Kraus and Brodsky 1998 Wang et al. 2005). Clinically, the rupture of peroneal tendons leads to inability to evert and cavovar us foot Tears of the peroneus brevis tendon are most common and present with a typical longitudinal configuration, commonly referred to as split or fis-... 

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