Temporomandibular joint dysfunction

Oromandibular disorders (bruxism, Masseter hypertrophy, temporomandibular joint dysfunction)... 

Wing, M. Phonophoresis with hydrocortisone in the treatment of temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Phys. Ther. 

Smith [7] performed a study to examine the effect of an increased vertical dimension of occlusion on isometric deltoid strength in 25 members of a professional football team with a variety of temporomandibular joint dysfunction, stomatognathic muscle and bite abnormalities. He concluded that there was a relationship between the jaws, posture, and... 

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction may be caused by or may cause dysfunctions of the cervical spine. The neck must always be evaluated in cases of TMJ pain and restriction of motion. The sternocleidomastoid muscle is often involved in these dysfunctions along with the muscles of mastication. 

The musculoskeletal system is intimately involved in tension and migraine headaches. The muscle involvement in tension headache is obvious and includes the muscles of the head and face, the cervical spine, and the upper thorax. Somatic dysfunction of the occipito-atlantal joint, the atlanto-axial joint, and C2 on C3 are frequent sources of headache. The levator scapula, with its attachments to the scapula and the cervical spine, and the trapezius must be considered. Facial muscles may be the major source of head pain. The patient must be evaluated for bruxism, teeth grinding, or jaw clenching, which affects the temporalis and masseter muscles. Bruxism may lead to dysfunction of temporal bone motion or to problems with the temporomandibular joint. 

Kuchera ML, Kuchera WA. Osteopathic Considerations in Systemic Dysfunction. Columbus, OH Greydon Press, 1994. Royder JO. Structural influences in temporomandibular joint pain and dysfunction. J Am Osteopath Assoc 1981 80 60-67. 

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