Temperature anesthetic agents

Malignant hyperthermia is most likely, given that anesthetic agents stimulate a calcium release channel, leading to excessive Ca + release from the cistemae of the sarcoplasmic reticulum, in turn causing muscle contraction, an increase in body temperature, tachycardia, and subsequent metabolic acidosis. 

Fire Hazards - Flash Point (deg. F) -213 (approx.) CC Flammable Limits in Air (%) 2.75 - 28.6 Fire Extinguishing Agents Stop flow of gas if possible. Use carbon dioxide, dry chemical, water fog Fire Extinguishing Agents Not To Be Used Not pertinent Special Hazards of Combustion Products Vapors are anesthetic Behavior in Fire Container may explode Ignition Temperature (deg. F) 842 Electrical Hazard Class I, Group D Burning Rate 7.4 mm/min. 

Lidocaine (lignocaine, 4.128, Fig. 4.5) is a typical representative of the class of aminoacylanilides. Lidocaine is a local anesthetic and an anti-arrhythmic agent that is very resistant to chemical hydrolysis even in strongly acidic or basic media. Only at higher temperature does lidocaine... 

Uses Coolant and refrigerant herbicide and fumigant organic synthesis-methylating agent manufacturing of silicone polymers, pharmaceuticals, tetramethyl lead, synthetic rubber, methyl cellulose, agricultural chemicals and nonflammable films preparation of methylene chloride, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform low temperature solvent and extractant catalytic carrier for butyl rubber polymerization topical anesthetic fluid for thermometric and thermostatic equipment. 

Gas should be differentiated from volatile liquids which are used as inhalation anesthetics. A gas such as nitrous oxide exists in the gaseous form at room temperature and sea-level barometric pressure while vapors are the gaseous states of agents, like halothane, which at room temperature and pressure are liquids. 

The chemical structures of the currently available inhaled anesthetics are shown in Figure 25-2. The most commonly used inhaled anesthetics are isoflurane, desflurane, and sevoflurane. These compounds are volatile liquids that are aerosolized in specialized vaporizer delivery systems. Nitrous oxide, a gas at ambient temperature and pressure, continues to be an important adjuvant to the volatile agents. However, concerns about environmental pollution and its ability to increase the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) have resulted in a significant decrease in its use. 

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