Teiephthalic acid

Amoco Amoco Chemicals Compare, a subsidiary of Amoco Corporation, formerly Standard Oil Company (IN), is best known in the chemicals industry for its modification of the Mid-Century process for making pure teiephthalic acid. /r-Xylene in acetic acid solution is oxidized with air at high temperature and pressure. Small amoimts of manganese, cobalt, and bromide are used as catalysts. The modification allows the use of teiephthahc acid, rather than dimethyl terephthalate, for making fiber. The process can also be used for oxidizing other methylbenzenes and methylnaphthalenes to aromatic carboxyhc acids. See also Maruzen. 

Other glycols can be used to make the pol3rmer. The accompanying table ves the melting points of a homologous series of a,glycol esters of teiephthalic acid. 

I 79 From Teiephthalic Acid to 2,5-Furandicarboxylic Add An Industrial Perspective... 

The most important processes with respect to scale are p-xylene — teiephthalic acid, ethylene — ethylene oxide, ethylene — acetaldehyde, ethylene/HOAc — vinyl acetate, methanol — formaldehyde, acetaldehyde — acetic acid. 

The polyamide fibre (Kevlar 49) has been studied by electron diffraction and electron microscopy. The supramolecular structure has been shown to be a system of sheets regularly pleated along their long axes and airan d radially. The effect of stress on the fluorescence of Kevlar fibre has also been investigated. Structural observations have also been reported on aromatic polyamide fibres based on phenylene diamine and teiephthalic acid. ... 

BHET = bis(2-hydroxyethyl)terephthalate EG = ethylene glycol DEG = diethylene glycol TA=teiephthalic acid MHET = mono-(2-hydroxyethyl)teiephlhalate. 

Plamitic, stearic, oleic acid Teiephthalic acid Alkyl terephthalic acid esters... 

Reactions of the Methyl Groups. These reactions include oxidation, polycondensation, and ammoxidation. PX can be oxidized to both teiephthahc acid and dimethyl teiephthalate, which are then condensed with ethylene glycol to form polyesters. Oxidation of OX yields phthahc anhydride, which is used in the production of esters. These ate used as plasticizers for synthetic polymers. MX is oxidized to isophthalic acid, which is also converted... 

Detection and result The chromatogram was dried in a stream of warm air for 10 min, immersed in the reagent solution for 3 s and then subjected to intense UV radiation (high pressure lamp, A = 365 nm) for up to 10 min. Teiephthalic (hR 0 — 5), pimelic hRj 55), suberic hR( 60), sebacic hRf 65 — 70) and benzoic acids (hR 70 — 75) together with sorbic, malic, adipic, citric, tartaric, lactic and fumaric... 

Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT). With the expiration of the original PET patents, manufacturers pursued the polymerization of other polyalkene teiephthalates, particularly polybutylene terephthalate (PBT). The polymer is synthesized by reacting terephthalic acid with butane 1,4-diol to yield the structure shown in Fig. 2.16. 

Poly(ethylene teiephthalate), 393 Poly(L-glutamic acid), 258 Poly(glycerol methacrylate) (PGMA), 219 Poly(2-hydroxyethyl acrylate) (PHEA), 220 Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methaciylate) (PHEMA), 120-1, 206, 248... 

As in low-molecular-weight liquid crystals, in addition to field effects, processes related to the passage of an electric current are observed in LC polymers. The formation of domain pictures which slightly resemble Williams domains is described in [64] for two different copolymers based on teiephthalic and hydroxybenzoic acids with ethylene glycol ig. 8.16a)... 

Issam AM, Sufia H, Nurul Khizrien AK (201 lb) A new unsaturated poly (ester-urethane) based on terephthalic acid derived from polyethylene teiephthalate (PET) of waste bottles. J Polym Environ 20 469-476... 

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