Taurine conjugation marine species

James MO, JR Bend (1976) Taurine conjugation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and phenylacetic acid in two marine species. Xenobiotica 6 393-398. 

In several fish species and one marine crustacean, taurine conjugates of xenobiotic carboxylic acids have been Isolated from urine (fish) or hepatopancreas (Crustacea) and subjected to unequivocal chemical characterization (77-82). Table VIZ shows which acids are conjugated with taurine in some marine species. 

Urinary Catheter. An appreciable amount of drug as parent or metabolites may be excreted in the urine of fish. A number of studies have demonstrated that glucuronide, sulfate and taurine conjugates are excreted by the fish kidney as a result of anion/cation carrier-mediated mechanisms (44,45). Urine has been collected for xenobiotic studies in a variety of fish species including flounder (46), dogfish shark (47), rainbow trout (Kleinow, K.M. Can. J. Fish Aq. Sci., in press) and catfish (48). In large measure urine production is greater in freshwater fish as compared to marine species. 

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