Tartaric acid, reaction + glycerol

The formation of alkyd resins is a typical example of condensation polymerization. In 1847, Berzelius reported a resinous product formed by the reaction of tartaric acid and glycerol. In 1901, Watson Smith (England) prepared a brittle resinous polymer by... 

S. Hakomori studied the action of chromium on ammonia in the presence of tartaric acid and glycerol. J. H. Mathews observed that a soln. of trichloractic acid in nitrobenzene does not attack chromium. W. Guertler and T. Liepus observed no reaction with citric and tartaric acids during 24 hrs. exposure. D. F. McFarland and 0. E. Harder observed that fatty acids dissolved 1-23 mgrms. per sq. in. per week and C. B. Gates, that chromium is not attacked by oleic acid at room temp. J. G. Thompson and co-workers studied the action of soln. of urea, and of ammonium carbonate on the metal. H. S. Taylor and... 

Potassium bisulphate and anhydrous boric or oxalic acid are also used (acrolein from glycerol, pyruvic acid from tartaric acid). Tschugaev s xanthate method belongs to this class of reactions also. 

Tartaric acid-glycerol polyesters were reported in 1847 by Berzelius [13] and those of ethylene glycol and succinic acid were reported by Lorenzo in 1863 [14]. Carothers and Van Natta [15] extended much of the earlier work and helped clarify the understanding of the polyesterification reaction in light of the knowledge of polymer chemistry at their time. Polyethylene terephthalate [16, 17] and the polyadipates [18] (for polyurethane resins) were the first major commercial application of polyesters. 

Alkogof(Rus). Alcohol Alkohol (Ger). Alcohol Alkyd Resins are the reaction products of poiyhydric alcDnols(such as glycerol, glycols, erythritol, etc) and resinifying polybasic acids(such as phthalic and maleic acids, the dimer of abietic acid, sorbic acid, tartaric acid, etc). The first alkyd resin was prepd by Berzelius in 1847 from glycerol and tartaric acid, but the first resins to become industrially important were the glycerol-... 

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