T-Ephedrine

SYMPATHOMIMETICS ANTACIDS-SODIUM BICARBONATE Possibly t ephedrine/ pseudoephedrine levels Alkalinising urine 1 excretion of these sympathomimetics Watch for early features of toxicity... 

Several amino alcohols have been isolated from Ephedra species ephedrine (3), norephedrine (1), pseudoephedrine (or t/ -ephedrine, 4), and norpseudoephedrine (2). The pseudocompounds are diastereomers of the corresponding alkaloids. 

Ishiyama T, Oguchi T, lijima T, Matsukawa T, Kashimoto S, Kumazawa T. Ephedrine, but not phenylephrine, increases bispectral index values during combined general and epidural anesthesia. Anesth Analg 2003 97(3) 780-4. 

For commercial Ephedra the British Pharmaceutical Codex, 1934, specifies a total alkaloidal content of not less than 1-25 per cent, when assayed by the method therein prescribed. The proportion of Z-ephedrine is generally about 70 per cent. Methods of assay for total alkaloids are described by Feng and Read and by Krishna and Chose, who discuss the various difficulties involved and comments on these and other methods have been made by various workers. Conditions affecting the results of such assays have also been discussed by T ang and Wang, and Brownlee has shown that chloroform is not a suitable medium for the assay since it converts ephedrine quickly and 0-ephedrine slowly to the hydrochloride. 

Dilor-G Tablets—dyphylline, guaifenesin Dyflex-G Tablets—dyphylline, guaifenesin Glyceryl-T Liquid—theophylline, guaifenesin Hydrophed Tablets—theophylline, hydroxyzine, ephedrine sulfate... 

Taapken, T. and Biechert, S., Stereoselective synthesis of homochiral (E)-vinyl phosphonates derived from (-)-ephedrine, Tetrahedron Lett., 36, 6659, 1995. 

The most successful modifier is cinchonidine and its enantiomer cinchonine, but some work in expanding the repertoire of substrate/modifier/catalyst combinations has been reported (S)-(-)-l-(l-naphthyl)ethylamine or (//)-1 -(I -naphth T)eth Tamine for Pt/alumina [108,231], derivatives of cinchona alkaloid such as 10,11-dihydrocinchonidine [36,71], 2-phenyl-9-deoxy-10, 11-dihydrocinchonidine [55], and O-methyl-cinchonidine for Pt/alumina [133], ephedrine for Pd/alumina [107], (-)-dihydroapovincaminic acid ethyl ester (-)-DHVIN for Pd/TiOz [122], (-)-dihydrovinpocetine for Pt/alumina [42], chiral amines such as 1 -(1 -naphtln I)-2-(I -pyrro 1 idiny 1) ethanol, l-(9-anthracenyl)-2-(l-pyrrolidinyl)ethanol, l-(9-triptycenyl)-2-(l-pyrrol idi nyl)cthanol, (Z )-2-(l-pyrrolidinyl)-l-(l-naphthyl)ethanol for Pt/alumina [37,116], D- and L-histidine and methyl esters of d- and L-tryptophan for Pt/alumina [35], morphine alkaloids [113],... 

Kuitunen T, Karkkainen S, Ylitalo P. (1984). Comparison of the acute physical and mental effects of ephedrine, fenfluramine, phentermine and prolintane. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 6(5) 265-70. 

Nach nochmaligem Umkristallisieren wird das (-t-)-Derivat erhalten. Aut gleiche Weise crhalt man in Gegenwart des ( —)-4-Ephedrin das (—(-Produkt (Schmp. 121°). 

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