Systole pressure-volume

Wannenburg T, Schulman SP, Burkhoff D. End-systolic pressure-volume and MV02-pressure-volume area relations of isolated rat hearts. Am. J. Physiol. 1992 262 H1287-93. 

Park RC, Little WC, O Rourke RA. Effect of alternation of left ventricular activation sequence on the left ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume relation in closed-chest dogs. Circ Res 1985 57(5) 706—17. 

Maughan W.L., Sunagawa K., Burkhoff D., et al. 1984. Effect of arterial impedance changes on the end-systolic pressure-volume relation. Circ. Res. 54 595. 

FIGURE 54.5 Schematic diagram of left ventricular pressure-volume loops (a) End-systolic pressure-volume relation (ESPVR), end-diastolic pressure-volume relation (EDPVR) and stroke work. The three P-V loops show the effects of changes in preload and afterload, (b) Time-varying elastance approximation of ventricular pump function (see text). 

Suga, H., Hayashi, T., and Shirahata, M., Ventricular systolic pressure-volume area as predictor of cardiac oxygen consumption. Am. J. Physiol, 240, H39-H44,1981. 

How can the end systolic pressure-volume relations (ESP-ESV) be employed in an assessment of myocardial contractile reserve ... 

In their theoretical studies, Bogen et al (1980) assumed an initially spherical membrane model for the infarcted LV. Employing a finite element method, it was possible to obtain end diastolic and end systolic pressure-volume curves. From these P-V curves, the effects of infarct size and infarct stiffness on the... 

Recently, the relationship between pressure-volume or force-length at the end of systole has attracted a great deal of interest as a descriptor of the contractile state of the heart. This interest stems from a series of studies in isolated, canine left ventricular preparations (Taylor et al 1969 Suga et a/., 1973 Suga and Sagawa, 1974 Weber et /., 1976 Weber and Janicki, 1977), which demonstrated the end-systolic pressure-volume relation to be quite sensitive to variations in contractile state and relatively insensitive to variations in load. In addition, the relation is linear over a wide range of volumes so that its slope can be used to quantitate the contractile state. 

Grossman W, Braunwald E, Mann T, McLaurin LP, Green LH (1977) Contractile state of the left ventricle in man as evaluated from end-systolic pressure-volume relations. Circulation 56 845-852 Hunter WC, Janicki JS, Weber KT, Noordergraaf A (1979) Flow-pulse response A new method for the characterization of ventricular mechanics. Am J Physiol 237 H282-H292 Janicki JS, Reeves RC, Weber KT, Donald TC, Walker AA (1974) Application of a pressure servo system developed to study ventricular dynamics. J Appl Physiol 37 736-741 Mehmel HC, Stockins B, Ruffman K, Olshausen K, Schuler G, Kubler W (1981) The linearity of the end-systolic pressure-volume relation in man and its sensitivity for the assessment of left ventricular function. Circulation 63 1216-1222... 

Pearlman ES, Weber KT, Janicki JS, Pietra G, Fishman AP (1982) Muscle fiber orientation and connective tissue content in the hypertrophied human heart. Lab Invest 46 158-164 Sagawa K (1981) The end-systolic pressure-volume relation of the ventricle Definitions, modifications and clinical use. Circulation 63 1223-1227... 

Figure 1. Schematic explanation of coupling the left ventricular contraction with the systemic arterial tree. In the middle left panels, left ventricular contraction is represented by its end-systolic pressure-volume relationship. Given a particular end diastolic volume (EDV), this relationship can be converted into ventricular end-systolic pressure P s) stroke volume (5Vj relationship, which is shown by the rectilinear curve coursing from the lower left to upper right corner in the graph at the bottom. In the right middle panel, the aortic input impedance property is represented by a rectilinear arterial end-systolic pressure fF, )-stroke volume SV) relationship curve (Eq. (5)). See the text for the explanation of this representation. This arterial Pes-SV relationship is transcribed in the bottom panel in superposition with the ventricular Pe -SV relationship. The intersection of the two Pes-SV relationship curves indicates the end-systolic pressure and stroke volume which should result from coupling a left ventricle with the given EDV and the slope parameter with a systemic arterial tree with the slope parameter...

Figure 2. Flow chart of the procedures to test the ventricular model (in terms of end-systolic pressure-volume relationship) and the arterial model by end-systolic pressure-stroke volume relationship using one control set of loads (4 preloads and 1 afterload) and 8 noncontrol load sets (4 preloads and 8 afterloads).

Figure 3. Schematic illustration of the dependence of the amount of the external mechanical work (shown by shaded area) that a ventricle performs at a constant preload and under a constant contractility (i.e., a fixed slope of end-systolic pressure-volume relationship) on afterloaded arterial elastance E . Note that the shaded area becomes maximum when equals E .

Figure 9. Schematic illustration of the pressure-volume-area (PVA) concept, see text for details. Vj represents the residual blood volume and Y shows the pressure that would be generated, with the heart at end-diostolic volume A, if the aortic value failed to open. The line V, C, Y is the end-systolic pressure-volume line. In an ejecting contraction PVA is measured as the sum of areas A and B . In an iso volumetric contraction PVA is given by the area enclosed by VjYA.

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