Synthetic fibers polyacrylics

Among the most interesting synthetic fibers are nylon and its various brands (they are called polyamide fibers as they are built from polyamide molecular chains), terylene (polyether fibers), and lastly orlon and acrylon (polyacryl nitrile fibers). 

Cleansing of materials (substrates) implies the removal of soil and stains. A wide variety of stains and substrates are encountered. For instance, textiles may be of natural origin such as cotton, wool, or natural silk, or are made of synthetic fibers, such as nylon, polyester, or polyacryl. Cotton is cellulose that has an intermediate hydrophobicity wool and natural silk are proteins, both rather hydrophobic and in most cases negatively charged. Synthetic fibers are usually polymers of which the backbone is characterized by a series of repeating units such as peptide units (in nylon), ester bonds (in polyesters), and cyan groups (in polyacryl). 

Synthetic fibers such as phenolic resin (Kynol R), polyacrylic resin (PAN) and viscose rayon are carbonized at high temperatures in inert atmosphere and activated carbon fiber (ACF) is then prepared by careful activation. Recently the carbon fibers prepared by spinning from mesophase carbon melt derived from coal tar pitch are being further activated to provide ACF at less cost. 

PP fibers are the most recent synthetics to achieve commercial importance. They appeared on the fiber market in the early 1970s and represent by now the fourth major class of fibers besides the other traditional synthetic fibers polyamides (PAs), polyesters (PESs), and polyacrylics. Their starting point was the application of Ziegler and Natta s method for the production of isotactic PPs, which can be processed into films and fibers. Montecatini applied for the patents in 1954 [1, 2],... 

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