Synthetic bone grafts

Zimmermann, G., Moghaddam, A., 2011. Allograft bone matrix versus synthetic bone graft substitutes. Injury 42 (Suppl. 2), S16-S21. 

Bostrom MP, Seigerman DA (2005) The clinieal use of allografts, demineralized bone matrices, synthetic bone graft substitutes and osteoinductive growth factors a survey study. HSS J 1(1) 9-18... 

Sarikaya, B., Aydin, H.M., 2014. Development of collagen/beta-TCP based synthetic bone grafts. Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine 8, 410. 

Takeuchi, R., Bito, H., Akamatsu, Y., Shiraishi, T., Morishita, S., Koshino, T., Saito, T., 2010. In vitro stability of open wedge high tibial osteotomy with synthetic bone graft. The Knee 17, 217-220. 

Vaccaro A.R. (2002) The role of the osteoconductive scaffold in synthetic bone graft ortopedics, 25,... 

Based on observed tissue response, synthetic bone-graft substitutes can be classified into inert (e.g., alumina, zirconia), bioactive (e.g., hydroxyapatite, bioactive glass), and resorbable substitutes (e.g., tricalcium phosphate, calcium sulfate). Of these, resorbable bone-graft substitutes are preferred for bone defect filling because they can be replaced by new natural bone after implantation, p-tricalcium phosphate (Ca3(PO )2, p-TCP) is one of the most widely used bone substitute material, due to its faster dissolution characteristics. Preparation of magnesium-substituted tricalcium phosphate ((Ca, Mg)3(PO )2, p-TCMP) has been reported by precipitation or hydrolysis method in solution. These results indicate that the presence of Mg stabilizes the p-TCP structure (LeGeros et al., 2004). The incorporation of Mg also increases the transition temperature from p-TCP to a-TCP and decreases the solubility of p-TCP (Elliott, 1994 Ando, 1958). 

William R. Moore, Stephen E. Graves, and Gregory 1. Bain. Synthetic bone graft substitutes. ANZ J. Surg. 2001 71 354-361. 

Kadiyala S, Lo H and Leong K W, Biodegradable polymers as synthetic bone grafts . In Bone Formation and Repair, ed. C T Brighton, G Freidlaender and J M Lane, American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons, USA, 1994, 317-24. 

Synthetic bone grafts are available to surgeons, often in the form of bioactive ceramics or glasses. The term bioactive refers to their ability to form a... 

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