Sweat consequences

The consequence of the relationships of Table 5.3 and Fig. 5.2 is that for a neutral thermal sensation, at steady state, the core temperature increases while the skin temperature decreases with increased metabolic activity (Fig. 5.3). The increase in metabolism causes sweating which decreases skin tem-perature. 

Lithium toxicity can occur as a result of intentional overdose therefore, care must be taken when administering lithium to potentially suicidal patients with BPAD. Inadvertent lithium toxicity may also occur. For example, diuretics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) slow the excretion of lithium and can lead to accidental toxicity. Consequently, the patient should be advised not to take such commonly available medications while treated with lithium. In addition, dehydration resulting from varied causes such as diarrhea, vomiting, and profuse sweating can lead to accidental lithium toxicity. One should advise the patient who takes lithium to be careful to remain well hydrated at all times and to contact his/her physician if any medical condition arises that may cause rapid fluid losses (e.g., stomach virus, high fevers). 

The most frequent adverse experiences associated with pilocarpine were a consequence of the expected pharmacologic effects. Adverse reactions occurring in at least 3% of patients include the following Sweating, nausea, rhinitis, chills, flushing, urinary frequency, dizziness, asthenia, headache, dyspepsia, lacrimation, diarrhea, edema, abdominal pain, amblyopia, vomiting, pharyngitis, and hypertension. 

Exposure is also affected by absorption. Even though we may come into contact with an agent, if little is taken up into the body (or absorbed), there is little effect. For example, the metallic mercury from a broken thermometer, if swallowed, is very poorly absorbed by the gut and will be excreted in the feces. However, if this same amount of mercury were allowed to evaporate and be inhaled, there would be very serious health consequences. This example shows that metabolism and excretion modify absorption. What is not absorbed (and even some of what is absorbed) may be excreted from the body by various routes, including the urine, feces, and sweat or through exhalation. Excretion reduces the effect because it lowers the amount of toxicant in the body, thus reducing exposure to sensitive organs. 

One of the consequences of ethanol intoxication is the hangover, a condition characterized by headache, nausea, sweating, and tremor. Although unpleasant, a hangover is not dangerous, even though the person having one may feel otherwise. 

There are many factors that can cause abnormal discharge of the body fluids and essence besides Qi deficiency. For example, diarrhea can be caused by damp-heat in the intestines excessive urination or spermatorrhea can be the result of damp-heat in the Lower-Jiao shortness of breath can be the consequence of phlegm accumulation excessive sweating is often caused by excess heat or empty-heat in the body. Thus a correct differentiation of the syndrome is required. 

Metabolic Effects. Metabolic effects observed in humans include elevated body temperature, profuse sweating, and increased basal metabolic rate. These clinical signs are related to the uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation by DNOC (see Section 2.3.5). Uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation results in heat production that exceeds the organism s capacity to dissipate heat. Consequently, fatal hyperthermia may occur. These clinical signs were not observed or reported in animals dermally exposed to DNOC. 

Data on the consequences of overdose of other new antidepressant agents are limited, but current evidence suggests that reboxetine and mirtazapine have low toxicity in overdose (Buckley 539). Reboxetine, as would be expected, presents with signs of noradrenergic overactivity, such as sweating, tachycardia, hypertension, and anxiety. The characteristic feature of mirtazapine overdose is sedation (Buckley 539). 

Consequences of Sweating. Sweating occurs during moderate exercise levels in the cold as well as at higher environmental temperatures. 

This is caused by excessive stimulation of CNS and peripheral serotonin receptors and is characterized by changes in mental state, autonomic hyperactivity (hypertension, tachycardia, hyperthermia, may be up to 4l°C, hyperactive bowel sounds, mydriasis, excessive sweating) and neuromuscular abnormality (tremor, clonus, ocular clonus, hypertonicity, hyperreflexia) the latter may lead to rhabdomyolysis with consequent risk of renal failure, hyperkalaemia and hypocalcaemia. Symptoms usually occur within 6 hours of taking the provoking drug, Tremor, akathisia and diarrhoea are early features. 

---