Swarts

Prozesky V M, Raubenheimer E R, van Fleerden WFP, Grotepass W P, Przybyt owioz W J, Pineda C A and Swart R 1995 Traoe eiement oonoentration and distribution in ivory Nucl. Instrum. Methods B 104 638... 

Antimony tnfluoride is a mild fluorinating reagent. However, it is much mote effective ia the Swarts reactions where its effectiveness as a fluorinating reagent is dramatically iacteased by addition of CI2, Bt2, or SbCl to the reaction mixture (2). Antimony tnfluotide can be used for the replacement of chlorine or bromine ia halocatbons, hydtohalocatbons, and nonmetal and metal haUdes. Typical reactions can be summarized as follows ... 

Organic fluorine compounds were first prepared in the latter part of the nineteenth century. Pioneer work by the Belgian chemist, F. Swarts, led to observations that antimony(Ill) fluoride reacts with organic compounds having activated carbon—chlorine bonds to form the corresponding carbon—fluorine bonds. Preparation of fluorinated compounds was faciUtated by fluorinations with antimony(Ill) fluoride containing antimony(V) haUdes as a reaction catalyst. 

Although many syntheses of chlorofluorocarbons and hydrochlorofluorocarbons have been published, those actually used in manufacturing processes are limited. By far the most important is the original Swarts reaction [5]. 

Cf. also Duhem, Traite de Mecanique chimique, II., 312 et seq., in which various possible cases are discussed, and Swart Zeit. physik, Chem., 7, 120, 1891). 

Nakicenovic N, Swart R (eds) (2000) IPCC Special report on emission scenarios. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 570 pp... 

Ross, P.S., de Swart, R.L., and Reijnders, P.J.H. et al. (1995). Contaminant related suppression of delayed type hypersensitivity and antibody responses in harbor seals from the Baltic Sea. Environmental Health Perspectives 103, 162. 

---