Surface printing plates

Fig. 15. Flexographic printing station, where the fountain pan suppHes ink to the mbber fountain roU, which in turn suppHes ink to the anilox roU. The doctor blade removes excess ink from the surface of the anilox roU so that it transfers a uniform layer of ink to the printing plate. The printing plate then...

In 1990 the majority of U.S. PCB production resulted from subtractive or print-and-etch processing additive processes were less than 6% of the total multilayer boards accounted for 55.8%. The ratio of rigid to flexible surface areas plated is about 15 1. High performance plastics including polyimide. Teflon, and modified epoxy comprised 6% of the market ( 324 million) flexible circuits were 6.6% ( 360 million) (42). 

Lithographic printing plates. Zirconium fluorides, such as potassium zirconium hexafluoride, are used to surface-treat anodized aluminium lithographic printing plates to give improved corrosion resistance of the subsequently treated plate [7],... 

Fig. 2. Illustration of several unconventional imaging processes 1 Photoresist formation by washout development 2 pigment toning of sticky (tacky) unexposed photopolymer 3 inking of a printing plate surface...

Sulfuric acid (vitriol oil). Sulfuric acid is a strong, colorless liquid when pure. This acid bites violently all organic matter and all the metals usually used in print making except for copper and lead. It is also used to clean the glass surfaces of plates used for photo-engraving. Sulfuric acid is more dangerous to use than nitric acid. If water is poured into this acid, it will splatter and heat up. Always pour the acid into water and never pour water into the acid. 

To account for one aspect of image differentiation by a lithographic printing plate, reference has been made to surface chemistry principles such as Statement 1. 

The prevalent explanation for isopropanol s role in this kind of dampening system is that its surface tension, about 29 dynes/cm, sufficiently lowers the aqueous fountain solution surface tension to allow wetting of the inked form-roller by that solution, as illustrated in Figure 1. That is, the fountain solution wets and spreads onto, and is carried by the ink film on the form-roller to the printing plate, as a relatively thin, uniform film. 

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