Heterogeneity of surfaces oxides

The calorimetric studies of the surface heterogeneity of oxides were initiated half a century ago, and experimental findings as well as their theoretical interpretation have been recently reviewed by Rudzinski and Everett [2]. The last two decades have brought a true Renaissance of adsorption calorimetry. A new generation of fully automatized and computerized microcalorimeters has been developed, far more accurate and easy to manipulate. This was stimulated by the still better recognized fact that calorimetric data are much more sensitive to the nature of an adsorption system than adsorption isotherm for instance. It is related to the fact that calorimetric effects are related to temperature derivatives of appropriate thermodynamic functions, and tempearture appears generally... 

As it was mentioned earlier the surface heterogeneity of inorganic oxides, which consists of surface hydroxyls, attached impurities and surface roughness, is the main source of the energetic heterogeneity of these solids. Although the surface heterogeneity of oxides can... 

Rudzinski, W., and Charmas, R., Effects of surface heterogeneity of oxides in simple ion adsorption at oxide/electrolyte interfaces, Adsorption, 2(3), 245-260 (1996). 

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