Surface experimental methods probing magnetic

Experimental Methods Probing Magnetic Hyperfine Field at Surfaces... 

In the author s opinion, the better approach to experimentally study the morphology of the silica surface is with the help of physical adsorption (see Chapter 6). Then, with the obtained, adsorption data, some well-defined parameters can be calculated, such as surface area, pore volume, and pore size distribution. This line of attack (see Chapter 4) should be complemented with a study of the morphology of these materials by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning probe microscopy (SPM), or atomic force microscopy (AFM), and the characterization of their molecular and supramolecular structure by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry, thermal methods, and possibly with other methodologies. 

Rational synthetic methodologies are emerging from nonaqueous studies of polyoxometalate chemistry in which solution speciation, structure, and reactivity can be probed with a variety of techniques. Systematic manipulation of structure and composition is possible, and provides the experimental basis for a detailed understanding of electronic properties through computational methods. The ability to incorporate reactive surface functionality into polyoxometalates creates new opportunities for catalytic studies and for the synthesis of giant oxide structures and supramolecular assemblies with interesting electronic, magnetic, and photonic properties. 

---