Surface acidity of solid catalysts

Surface Acidity of Solid Catalysts H. a. Benesi and B. H. C. Winquist Selective Oxidation of Propylene George W. Keulks, L. David Krenzke, AND Thomas N. Notermann a-n Rearrangements and Their Role in Catalysis... 

Surface Acidity of Solid Catalysts H. A. Benesi and B. H. C. Winquist... 

In the following section, we will critically review representative methods for measuring surface acidity of solid catalysts. Recommendations will then be made of the most appropriate methods from the standpoint of the needs of the investigator. The final section is devoted to updating research activities dealing with individual solid catalysts. Particular attention will be devoted to studies of acidities of unusually active catalysts such as crystalline zeolites, synthetic clays, and chlorinated aluminas. 

The indicator method is by far the easiest and quickest way of screening surface acidities of solid catalysts, but it has at least two drawbacks. First of all, the number of suitable indicators is limited because of the visual requirement that the color of the acid form mask that of the basic form. Second, the acid color of many of the Hammett indicators can be produced by processes other than simple proton addition. The first of these drawbacks can be overcome by using absorption spectroscopy to measure... 

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