Supplemental Coolant Additives

Automobile engine coolant systems properly protected by engine coolant meeting specification ASTM D 3306 do not require use of supplemental additives. Major coolant manufacturers discourage use of these supplements with their coolant in automobile cooling systems. 

In addition to the reactivity model, a GEM model has been developed for SSC-K. The GEM assemblies are added to the KALIMER core in order to supplement the negative reactivity feedback once the pump is tripped. For an increased safety margin in the event of loss of the primary coolant flow, GEMs are included at the periphery of the active core. A GEM has the same external size and configuration as the ducts of the other core assemblies. The GEMs are hollow assembly ducts, that are open (to flow) at the bottom, but are closed (to flow) at the top. The GEMs are filled with vessel cover gas before insertion into the core, and this gas is compressed as the GEMs are filled with sodium. 

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